Period (2) 1607-1754 English Colonization of North America

John Smith

An English soldier and explorer who became one of the leaders of the Jamestoun colony and helped to establish relations with the Powhatans

Virginia Colony (Company)

A joint - stock enterprise that king James I chartered in 1606; the company was to spread Christianity in the Americas as well as find ways to make a profit in it

Enclosure Movement

A legal process that divided large farm fields in England that were previousy collectivey owned by groups of peasants into smaller, individually owned plots

Headright System

A land-grant police that promised fitty acres to any colonist who could affond passage to Virginia, as well a fifty more for any accompara Servants

House of Burgessess

The first elected assembly in colonial America established in 1619 in Virginia

Anglo-Powhatan Wars

Three wars fought between the Powhatans and the Jamestown colonists in 1610-1614, 1622-1626, and 1644-1646

Puritans

English religious group that sought to ounify the church of England; founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony ander John Wintrop in 1630

John Wintrop

Punitan leader and governer of the Massachusetts Bay Colony who resolved to use the colonyas a refuge for persecatedPuritans and as an instrument of building a "Widemesszion" in America

Pilgrims

Punitan seperatists who broke completely with the Church of England and sailed to the Amenicas abeand the Maylower founding plymouth Colony on Cape Cod in 1620

Mayflower Compact

Document signed in 1620 aboand the Mayflower before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth; the document comitted the group to majonity-rule government by its male cobnists

Great Migration

The migration of approximately 21,000 English Puritans to the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Pequot War

An armed conflict in 1637 fought between the Pequot Indians and an alliance of Narragansett, Mohegan, and English

Half-Way Covenant

A 1662 religious compromise that allowed baptism and partial Chanch membership to colonial New Englanders Whose parents were not among the Puritan elect

Maryland Toleration Act

1649 law that granted free exceraise of religion to all Christian denominators in Colonial Maryland

King Phillip’s War

A multiyear conflict that began in 16%5 between the English and a Native alliance led by Wampanoags Metacom (King Philip) and Weetamooo. Its end result was broadened Freedoms for white New Englanders and the dispossession of the Wampanoags and other Indians

Mercantilism

Policy of Great Britain and other imperial power of regulating the economis of colonies to benefit the mother country

Middle Passage

The hellish and often deadly middle leg of the transatlantic "triangular trade" in which Europeans Ships carried manufactured goods to Africa, then transported enslaved Africans to the Americas and the Carribean, and finally Conveyed Amenican agricultural products back into Europe; from the late sixteenth to the early nineteenth centuries, some 12 million Africans were transported via the Middle Passage unknown millions more dying en route.

Salutary neglect

Informal British policy during the first halt of the eighteenth century, that allowed the American colonies considerable freedom to pursue their economic and political interests in exchange for colonial obediance

Pueblo Revolt

Uprising in 1680 by allied Pueblo led by Popé that temporarily drove Spanish colonists out of New Mexico

Bacon’s Rebellion

Unsuccessful 1616 revolt led by planter Nathanial B against British Governor of Virginia William Berkeleys administration