Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Frequency table (Relative Frequency table)
lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count (or percentage) of observations for each category
Distribution
gives
1) The possible values of the variable, and
2) The relative frequency of each value
Area Principle
In a statistical display, each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
Bar chart (Relative Frequency Bar chart)
show a bar whose area represents the count (or percentage) of observations for each category of a categorical variable
Categorical data condition
The methods in this chapter are appropriate for displaying and describing categorical data. Be careful not to use them with quantitative data
Contingency table
displays counts and, sometimes, percentages of individuals falling into categories on two or more variables. The table categorizes the individuals on all variables at once to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may depend on the category of the other
Marginal distribution
In a contingency table, the distribution of either variable alone is called the ______________________________. The counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
Conditional distribution
A ____________________________________ restricts the WHO to consider only a smaller group of individuals
Independence
Variables are said to be independent if the conditional distribution of one variable is roughly the same for each category of the other
Association
When we see evidence that one variable depends on another, we say there's an association between them
Pie Chart
_________________ show how a "whole" divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category.
Context of Data
Who
What
Where
When
Why
How
Data table
An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable.
Cases
An individual (People, places, and things) whom or which we have data.
Variables (What, Columns)
Characteristics about each "who"
Population
All cases of interest
Sample
Smaller collection of cases of interest. The cases we actually examine in seeking yo understand the much larger population.
Data
Systematically recorded information, whether numbers or labels, together with its context.
Categorical variable
Names categories with words or numerals.
Quantitative variables
Recorded and used as numbers. These always have units.
Units
after the number that measures examples of these are: cm. in.