2ND REVIEWER OHE LAB

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75 Terms

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Stomadeum or Stomatodeum

primitive oral cavity. big cavity in between the heart bulge and the frontal process, which is connected to the primitive gut or the future gastrointestinal tract

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Buccopharyngeal Membrane

bilaminar structure consisting of apposed ectoderm and endoderm, separates the stomatodeum from the foregut (the front portion of the GI tract)

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Buccopharyngeal Membrane

this soon breaks down so that the stomatodeum communicates directly with the foregut

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Rathke’s Pouch

ectodermal depression on the roof of the oral groove in front of the attachment of buccopharyngeal membrane which will be the future anterior pituitary gland

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Week 4

A lot of cell differentiation from the three germ layers

happen at this stage; infoldings appear wherein the head (cranial/cephalic), tail (caudal), lateral portion of the embryo forms a curved shape.

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Spinal Cord

Posterior part of embryo turns into?

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Frontal Prominence

Other term for FRONTAL PROCESS

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Cardiac Bulge

Other term for Heart Bulge

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Pharyngeal Arch or Branchial Arch

total of 6 bulges but the 5th pharyngeal arch disintegrates immediately,

leaving no cleft or pouch to mark it

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Pharyngeal Pouch

depression of arch to midline

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Pharyngeal Cleft/Groove

depression of arch on lateral arch

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6 arches

How many arches are there?

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V

What arch dissolves immediately that leaves no cleft or pouch to mark it? (Roman Number)

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CN V and Meckel’s cartilage, muscles of mastication, ant. 2/3 of tongue

CN & Organs involve in 1st Pharyngeal Arch

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CN VII & Reichert’s cartilage, muscles of facial expression, post. 1/3 of tongue

CN & Organs involve in 2nd Pharyngeal Arch

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CN IX & Greater cornu and body of hyoid, post. 1/3 of tongue

CN & Organs involve in 3rd Pharyngeal Arch

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CN X & Pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles and cartilages

CN & Organs involve in 4th Pharyngeal Arch

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CN X & Laryngeal muscles

CN & Organs involve in 6th Pharyngeal Arch

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Middle ear, Auditory tube, Tympanic membrane

Organs involve in 1st Pharyngeal Pouch

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Palatine tonsil, Lymphatic nodule

Organs involve in 2nd Pharyngeal Pouch

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Thymus, Inferior parathyroid gland

Organs involve in 3rd Pharyngeal Pouch

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Superior parathyroid gland, ultimobranchial body

Organs involve in 4th Pharyngeal Pouch

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External Auditory Meatus

Organs involve in 1st Pharyngeal Cleft

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Cervical Sinus

Organs involve in 2-4 Pharyngeal Pouch

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1st, 2nd, 3rd branchial arches

Plays an important role in the development of the face, mouth, and tongue

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Mandibular Arch

What is the 1st pharyngeal arch

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Maxillary Process and Mandibular Process

2 processes of Mandibular Arch

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Maxillary Process

lateral boundary. derivative of the sides of the upper lip, mid face, cheeks, secondary palate (palatine process), maxilla

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Mandibular Process

ventral boundary. derivative of the lower lip, lower part of the face, mandible

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Frontonasal Process

frontal process combines with the nasal part of the embryo forming?

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Frontonasal Process

region of frontal prominence that will develop into the upper face and the nose

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about 4 weeks of gestation and completes at around 6th week of life

When does tongue beings and completes to develop

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Tuberculum Impar

What do you call to the swelling that arises in midline of mandibular process and flanked by two other bulges

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Lateral Lingual Swellings

What are the two other bulges that flanked the swelling (tuberculum impar)?

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Anterior 2/3 of tongue

Tuberculum Impar and Lateral lingual swellings quickly enlarge and merge with each other which then forms a large mass from which the mucous membrane

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mesenchyme of 2nd, 3rd, and fourth arches

root of the tongue arises from a large midline swelling developed from the

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Copula or Hypobrachial Eminence

associated with the second, third, and fourth arches

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Epiglottal Eminence

Posterior part of the fourth arch

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Anterior 2/3 of the Tongue

Lateral Lingual Swellings + Tuberculum Impar (1st Pharyngeal Arch)

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Posterior 1/3 of Tongue

2nd and 3rd Pharyngeal Arch + Copula

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Thyroid Gland

depression in between Tuberculum Impar + Copula, then descends to where the thyroid is positioned in the human body (lateral region of the neck)

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Thyroglossal Duct

duct that forms or connects the tongue and the thyroid gland

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Sulcus Terminalis or Terminal Sulcus

the demarcation that separates the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue

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Foramen Cecum and Sulcus Terminalis

2 structure that Thyroglossal Duct forms

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Week 4

The heart or cardiac bulge is now developing on the front of the embryo, beneath the head, and is pushed down into the chest as the pharyngeal arches develop. What week

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Placodes

Localized thickenings develop within the ectoderm of the

frontal prominence, just above the opening of the stomatodeum

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Placodes

Earliest signs of sense organs (lens placodes and olfactory placodes or nasal placodes)

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Lens Placodes

future lens of the eyes

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Olfactory Placodes or Nasal Placodes

future nostrils

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Nasolacrimal Groove and Bucconasal Groove

maxillary process approaches the lateral and medial nasal processes but remains separated from them by distinct grooves

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Middle Portion of the Upper lip and Philtrum

medial nasal process is displaced toward the midline, where it merges with its anatomic counterpart from the opposite side. This two structure are formed by the Globular process which is the enlarged caudal end of the MNP

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Globular Process

Enlarged caudal end of the Medial Nasal Process

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Maxillary process and lateral aspect of medial nasal process

What are the two structure that fuse causing the bucconasal groove to obliterate?

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Lateral aspects of the upper lip

Result of obliteration of the bucconasal groove

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Lower Lip

formed by anterior external fold of the mandibular processes

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Oral Vestibule

Vestibular Lamina forms the

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Week 6

What week do the eyes move in front, ears move to the side of the head (which is originally found on the neck region)?

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6th week and 7th week

development of the palate starts at this week and continues onto what week

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Primary Palate or Intermaxillary Segment

Result of merging of the two medial nasal processes

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Primary Palate or Intermaxillary Segment

houses the premaxilla or everything anterior to the incisive foramen which are the four upper incisors and the incisive foramen.

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Four upper incisors, incisive foremen and premaxilla

What does Primary palate (intermaxillary segment) houses?

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Palatine Shelves

— are forming from the maxillary processes and are directed downward on

each side of the developing tongue

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Week 7

What week do palatine shelves starts to form?

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Week 8

What week does tongue has been depressed, and the palatine shelves are elevated but not fused?

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8 weeks of gestation

fusion of the shelves and the nasal septum is completed at

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Nasal Placode

It initiates the formation of the middle of the face by forming a horseshoe-shaped ridge

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Nasal Pit

Nasal Placodes converts into?

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Lateral Nasal Process and Medial Nasal Process

2 processes of Nasal Pit

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Lateral Nasal Process

lateral arm of the horseshoe

forms the ala of the nose and infraorbital region

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Medial Nasal Process

medial arm of the horseshoe

eventually fuses to form the nose bridge, tip of the nose, and medial nasal septum

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Cleft Palate

MNP & MxP failed to fuse results to

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Hyoid Arch

2nd Pharyngeal Arch

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Sphenomandibulsr ligament (TMJ) & Auditory Osscles

Meckel’s Cartilage

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Malleus and Incus

Auditory Ossicles under Merkel’s Cartilage

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Stapes

Reichert’s Cartilage