Thẻ ghi nhớ: 1100 words you need to know | Quizlet

replete

- (with something) (formal) filled with something; with a full supply of something

- very full of food

steep

​if you steep food in a liquid or leave it to steep, you put it in the liquid and leave it for some time so that it becomes soft and takes in the taste of the liquid

be steeped in sth

have a lot of a particular quality

steep yourself in

spend a lot of time thinking or learning about something

coed

/ˌkəʊˈed/ ​a female student at a co-educational school or college

prognostication

​a thing that somebody says will happen in the future

prognostic

- connected with the process of making a medical judgement about the likely development of a disease or an illness

- connected with the process of making a judgement about how something is likely to develop in the future

prognosticate

foretell or prophesy a future event

automaton

/ɔːˈtɑːmətən/ - ​a person who behaves like a machine, without thinking or feeling anything = robot

- ​a moving mechanical device in the shape of a person

- ​a small robot that can perform a particular range of functions

automatism

/ɔːˈtɑːmətɪzəm/ ​a method of painting that avoids conscious thought and allows a free flow of ideas

matron

/ˈmeɪtrən/ - a woman who works as a nurse in a school

- a senior nurse in charge of the other nurses in a hospital

- an older married woman

matronly

a matronly woman is no longer young and fashionable in appearance, and may be rather large and heavy in build

matron of honour

a married woman who is the most important bridesmaid at a wedding

scour

/ˈskaʊər/ - ​to search a place or thing carefully and completely in order to find somebody/something = comb

- clean something by rubbing its surface hard with rough material

- make a passage, hole, or mark in the ground, rocks, etc. as the result of movement, especially over a long period

grime

/ɡraɪm/ - ​dirt that forms a layer on the surface of something = dirt

- ​a type of electronic dance music that developed from drum and bass, UK garage and other styles

a pig in a poke

something that you buy or accept without first seeing it or finding out if it is good

annals

/ˈænlz/ - an official record of events or activities year by year; historical records

- ​used in the title of academic journals

annalist

a person who writes annals

compound

- make something bad become even worse by causing further damage or problems

- be compounded of/from something: be formed from something

- mix something together

- pay or charge interest on an amount of money that includes any interest already earned or charged

a flash in the pan

something that happened only once or for a short time and was not repeated

badger

put pressure on somebody by repeatedly asking them questions or asking them to do something = pester

bad hair day

​a day on which everything seems to go wrong

badinage

/ˈbædɪnɑːʒ/ friendly joking between people = banter

badlands

- ​large areas of land that have been farmed too much with the result that plants will not grow there

drudgery

/ˈdrʌdʒəri/ hard boring work

drudge

​a person who has to do long hard boring jobs

perceive

understand, know, become aware of

pour oil on troubled water

do or say something in order to make people stop arguing and become calmer

coroner

/ˈkɔːrənər/​an official whose job is to discover the cause of any sudden, violent or suspicious death by holding an inquest

scoundrel

/ˈskaʊndrəl/ ​a man who treats other people badly, especially by not being honest or moral = rogue

alias

/ˈeɪliəs/ - ​a false or different name, especially one that is used by a criminal

- a name that can be used instead of the actual name for a file, internet address, etc.

perpetrate

/ˈpɜːrpətreɪt/ commit a crime or do something wrong or evil

-> perpetration (N), perpetrator

testimonial

/ˌtestɪˈməʊniəl/ -​a formal written statement, often by a former employer, about somebody's abilities, qualities and character; a formal written statement about the quality of something

- ​a thing that you give or do to show that you admire and appreciate somebody

testimony

- (to something) (formal) a thing that shows that something else exists or is true = testament

-> bear (...) to

- a formal written or spoken statement saying what you know to be true, usually in court

chagrin

/ʃəˈɡrɪn/ ​a feeling of being disappointed or annoyed

-> to sb's (..)

laconic

​using only a few words to say something

lacklustre

- ​not interesting or exciting; not bright

- ​(of the hair or eyes) not bright or shining; dull

sermon

- a talk on a moral or religious subject, usually given by a religious leader during a service

- moral advice that a person tries to give you in a long talk

throng

​a crowd of people

intrepid

​very brave; not afraid of danger or difficulties = fearless

accost

go up to somebody and speak to them, especially in a way that is rude or frightening

surly

​unfriendly and rude

panhandler

​a person who asks other people for money in the street

reticent

​unwilling to tell people about things = reserved= uncommunicative

the sword of Damocles

If you have a sword of Damocles hanging over you/your head, something bad seems very likely to happen to you

furtive

​behaving in a way that shows that you want to keep something secret and do not want to be noticed = stealthy

felon

/ˈfelən/ ​a person who has committed a serious crime such as murder or rape

hapless

/ˈhæpləs/ ​not lucky; experiencing extreme bad luck

haploid

/ˈhæplɔɪd/ ​(of a cell) containing the set of chromosomes from one parent only

warden

- ​a person who is responsible for taking care of a particular place and making sure that the rules are obeyed

- the person in charge of a prison

- ​(especially in England), a title given to the head of some colleges and institutions

warder

​a person who guards prisoners in a prison

irate

/ˈaɪreɪt/ ​very angry

Pyrrhic victory

a victory that is not worth winning because the winner has lost so much in winning it

phony

​not real or true; false, and trying to trick people

phony

​a person who is not honest or sincere; a thing that is not real or true

gesticulate

to move your hands and arms about in order to attract attention or make somebody understand what you are saying

gestation

- the time that the young of a person or an animal develops inside its mother's body until it is born; the process of developing inside the mother's body

- the process by which an idea or a plan develops

= development

scalpel

​a small sharp knife used by doctors in medical operations

scalper

​a person who buys tickets for concerts, sports events, etc. and then sells them to other people at a higher price

vigilant

​very careful to notice any signs of danger or trouble = alert= watchful

-> vigilance = watchfulness

vigilante

/ˌvɪdʒɪˈlænti/ a member of a group of people who try to prevent crime or punish criminals in their community, especially because they think the police are not doing this

-> vigilantism

onrushing

something such as a vehicle that is moving forward so quickly or forcefully that it would be very difficult to stop

pretext

a false reason that you give for doing something, usually something bad, in order to hide the real reason; an excuse

pretrial

​in or connected with the time before a court case begins

cajole

/kəˈdʒəʊl/ make somebody do something by talking to them and being very nice to them = coax

parakeet

/ˈpærəkiːt/ a small bird of the parrot family, usually with a long tail

paralegal

a person who is trained to help a lawyer

paralegal

​connected with the work or people who are trained to help lawyers

beard the lion in his den

visit an important person in order to tell or ask them something unpleasant

pithy

/ˈpɪθi/ ​(of a comment, piece of writing, etc.) short but expressed well and full of meaning

pitiable

- ​deserving pity or causing you to feel pity

- ​not deserving respect

wheedle

persuade somebody to give you something or do something by saying nice things that you do not mean = coax = cajole

conquest

/ˈkɑːŋkwest/ - the act of taking control of a country, city, etc. by force

- an area of land taken by force

- a person that somebody has persuaded to love them or to have sex with them

- the act of gaining control over something that is difficult or dangerous

spoilsport

a person who stops other people from having fun, for example by not taking part in an activity or by trying to prevent other people from doing it

spoiling tactics

​actions which are intended to stop somebody from doing what they plan to do

sprint

run or swim a short distance very fast

sprint

- ​a race in which the people taking part run, swim, etc. very fast over a short distance

- a short period of running, swimming, etc. very fast

- a fixed period of time during which specific tasks must be completed on a project, especially in software development

courtesy

- polite behaviour that shows respect for other people = politeness

- a polite thing that you say or do when you meet people in formal situations

gall

- rude behaviour showing a lack of respect that is surprising because the person behaving badly is not embarrassed = impudence

- a bitter feeling full of hate = resentment

- a strong feeling of anger or hating somebody/something

gall bladder

túi mật

slack

- not stretched tight = loose

- ​(of business) not having many customers or sales; not busy

- not putting enough care, attention or energy into something and so not doing it well enough

seizure

- the use of legal authority to take something from somebody; an amount of something that is taken in this way

- the act of using force to take control of a country, town, etc.

- a sudden attack of an illness, especially one that affects the brain

epilepsy

a condition affecting the nervous system that causes a person to become unconscious suddenly, often with violent movements of the body - bệnh động kinh

smuggle

take, send or bring goods or people secretly and illegally into or out of a country, etc.

schemer

​a person who plans secretly to do something for their own advantage

scheming

​often planning secretly to do something for your own advantage, especially by cheating other people

misadventure

- death caused by accident, rather than as a result of a crime

- bad luck or a small accident = mishap

quitter

​a person who gives up easily and does not finish a task they have started

quiver

​to shake slightly; to make a slight movement = tremble

caustic

- ​(of a chemical substance) able to destroy or dissolve (= remove or destroy by a chemical process) other substances = corrosive

- ​critical in a bitter or sarcastic way = scathing

causeway

a raised road or path across water or wet ground

wrest from

- take something such as power or control from somebody/something with great effort

- take something from somebody that they do not want to give, suddenly or violently = wrench

jostle

push roughly against somebody in a crowd

jostle for

compete strongly and with force for something

confederate

/kənˈfedərət/ - ​a person who helps somebody, especially to do something illegal or secret = accomplice

a person who supported the Confederate States in the American Civil War

confederacy

- a union of states, groups of people or political parties with the same aim

confectionary

sweets, chocolate, etc.

dupe

trick or cheat somebody

dupe

a person who is tricked or cheated

incipient

​just beginning