APUSH Unit 5.1

The fugitive slave clause of the constitution guaranteed what right

The right of a slaveholder to recover an escaped slave

What Supreme Court case upheld the Constitutionality of the fugitive slave act

Ableman versus Booth 1859

Who was the author of uncle Tom's cabin in 1852

Harriet Beecher Stowe

What caused Harriet Beecher Stowe to write uncle Tom's cabin

The fugitive slave act of 1850 and the death of her son Charlie

What effect did uncle Tom's cabin have on the country

It tore the country apart

What faction within the Democratic Party wanted to spread slavery into Mexico Cuba and the great plains

Young America

Who was a leader of the young America movement

Stephen Douglas

Bickley started what secret organization

The Knights of the Golden Circle

What was the goal of the Knights of the golden circle

To turn Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean into slave states

Young America was a forerunner to

The KKK

What was the Ostend manifesto of 1854

President Franklin Pierce offered Spain 130 million for Cuba

What purpose would Cuba serve for the south

A launching point for slavery further south

What effect did the Ostend manifesto have on the country

It tore the country apart

Who did Pres. Fillmore dispatch to Japan to open trade

Matthew C Perry

What effects did Matthew C Perry have on Japan

It caused Japan to modernize and industrialize when they saw Perry's modern ships

What was Stephen Douglasses political foundation

Popular sovereignty and expansion

What was Stephen Douglas's nickname

The little giant

Stephen Douglas wanted to rapidly develop the

The continent

Franklin Pierce was called a doughface because

He was a northern man with southern principles

What events led to the collapse of the Whig party

The compromise of 1850 the know nothing party and the Kansas and Nebraska act

What was the main cause of the Civil War in 1854

The Kansas Nebraska act 1854

Who created the Kansas Nebraska act

Stephen Douglas

Why did Douglas introduce this bill

Because it would make Chicago into a railroad hub which would raise the value of his real estate

The Kansas Nebraska act split the Democrats into

Northern and southern Democrats

How did Douglas gain southern support

He opened Kansas and Nebraska as popular sovereignty

What two new parties came into existence in the 1850s

The know nothings and the Republicans

These two new parties helped bring about the demise of the

Whig party

The know nothing party consisted of

Angry nativists

What were the major issues/ beliefs for the know nothings

Limits on immigration and requiring 21 years before becoming a citizen

What event created the Republican Party

The Kansas Nebraska act

Who made up the Republican Party

Free soilers, capitalist wigs

Republican Party was purely a

Northern party

Who coined the phrase bleeding Kansas

Horace Greeley

Bleeding Kansas was a rehearsal for what

The Civil War

Outsiders from the north and south didn't want Kansas to

Decide their own fate

What was the purpose of the new England emigrant aid society

To transport anti-slavery settlers into Kansas

Henry Ward Beecher provided the anti-slavery settlers with

Rifles

Large amounts of Missourians crossed over to Kansas specifically to

Vote proslavery

Two governments were formed in Kansas which were located

Lecompton(slavery) and Topeka(free)

Who should have received most of the blame for bleeding Kansas and why

Pierce because he signed the bill

What did John Brown do in Kansas

Murdered five proslavery men

What happened to Charles Sumner after he personally attacked Stephen Douglas and Andrew Butler

Preston Brooks, Butler's nephew, viciously caned summer

After his attack Sumner was ______ to return to the Senate until 1859

Unable

Who was the worst president in history

James Buchanan

James Buchanan was a

Doughface

The first of three key cases on black rights was

Dred Scott versus Sandford 1857

Scott and his wife sued for their freedom claiming that

Since they had lived in free territory( Wisconsin ) they were free

The Northwest ordinance of 1787 supported Scott because

It stated that Wisconsin would be free

What were the two major questions effecting the Dred Scott decision

1.Did the Scott's become free since they lived in free territories

2.can Congress restrict slavery in the territories

What was the Dred Scott decision

-Blacks were not citizens so they could not sue

-Congress could not exclude slavery from a territory

-The Missouri compromise banned slavery from the northern territories, making it was unconstitutional

A proslavery constitution for Kansas was drafted in

Lecompton

Why did Stephen Douglas oppose this constitution

Because it was not created through popular sovereignty, many non Kansas citizens voted

The Lecompton constitution lead to what in the house

A massive three minute, 50 representative brawl

Why did Lincoln get back into politics

The Kansas Nebraska act

Who was Lincolns idol

Henry Clay

What did Lincoln say in his house divided speech

A house divided against itself cannot stand

Lincoln challenged Douglas to

A series of seven debates

Lincoln _____ favor equality for blacks

Didnt

The Lincoln Douglas debates greatly raised Lincolns what

National profile for the Republican Party

The Freeport doctrine by Douglas said that

A Territory could exclude slavery by refusing to enact slave codes

The Freeport doctrine angered

Southern Democrats

John Brown's raid consisted of an

Attack on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry and arming the slaves

How did John Brown's raid unfold

No slaves rallied to his side and he was trapped by Robert E Lee

Virginia charged brown with

Treason

A North Carolinian, Hinton rowan helper stated in The Impending Crisis of the South that

Slavery was ruining the southern economy

The South felt it was under constant

Attack

During the election of 1860 Northern Democrats nominated

Stephen Douglas

During the election of 1860 Southern Democrats nominated

John C Breckenridge

Republicans believed in

Supporting manufacturers with a high tariff, and no slavery in the territories

What were Lincolns advantages going into the election of 1860

He had moderate views, and excellent campaign managers

At the election of 1860 Lincoln received

Most of the votes but not a majority

When did South Carolina secede from the union

December 20, 1860

February 1, 1861 the _____ seceded from the union

Lower south

Why did the lower south secede from the union when they did

Because it was before Lincoln took office

Who was elected president of the Confederate states

Jefferson Davis

Where was the Confederate capital moved to

Richmond Virginia

Was there any mention of secession in the constitution

No

What were some key differences of the Confederate Constitution

- slavery is guaranteed

- protective tariffs are prohibited

- President serve single six-year terms

- line item veto(reject certain parts)

Southerners who voted for secession believed that

They were acting in the tradition of the American Revolution

What was Lincoln's initial stance on slavery

He would allow it to remain where it existed but not allow it to spread

What was the Crittenden compromise

Extend the 36 30 line to the Pacific

Lincoln proposed a 13th amendment to

Protect slavery in the south

Who did Lincoln Place in his cabinet

His campaign competitors

Who did Lincoln trust the most in his cabinet

His Secretary of State William H Seward

When and where was the first shot of the Civil War

For Sumter April 12, 1861

For Sumter led to the secession of

The Upper south

Lincoln send a supply ship to Fort Sumter in the south which

Forced the south to either shoot first or recognize the norths possession of the fort

Lincoln said secession was a rejection of

Democracy

For slaveholding states that did not secede became the

Border states

What were the north advantages

Population, manufacturing, railways, the navy

What was the main northern disadvantage

A shortage of experienced military commanders

What were southern advantages

It was a defensive war, they had experienced commanders including Robert E Lee

What was a southern disadvantage

The government was handicapped by states rights , no federal power

Lincoln expanded the army without

Congressional authority