NEUR200 Neurons

Golgi

Method (silver staining technique) to stain limited number of nerve cells

Cajal

Nerve cells remain separated

Membrane

Separates inside from outside

Nucleus

Chromosomes

Mitochondrion

Metabolism (provides energy)

Dendrites

Fibers with synaptic receptors that receive information from other neurons

Soma (cell body)

Most of the neurons metabolism occurs here. They may also have synapses

Axon

Long fiver that conveys to impulse toward other neurons, organs or muscles

Presynaptic terminal

At this point the axon released chemicals that cross through the junction from one neuron and the next

Multipolar

Many dendrites and one axon

Unipolar or monopolar

Have an axon that branches in two directions (input zone and output zone)

Bipolar

One dentrite and one axon

Motor neuron (efferent)

it’s soma is in the spinal cord (conducts impulses along its axon to a muscle)

Sensory neuron (afferent)

Light sound or touch soma is located on the trunk

Intrinsic

Neurons: inside the structure

Glia

Supporting cells. Provides firmness and structure for the brain. Smaller but more numerous than neurons

Functions of Glia

• guidance: help with migration of neurons

• Form myelin

• Removal of K+ by astrocytes

• Remove dead neurons

Types of Glia

• marcoglia

• Microglia

Types of Macroglia

• Astrocytes

• Oligodendrocites

• Schwann cells

Astrocytes

(Start-shape cells) Serve different functions: remove death neurons after brain injury

Oligodendrocites

(Smaller cells) contribute the myelin sheath to axon in the CNS

Schwann cells

In the Pns

Mircoglia

Mobilized after injury, infection or disease