SAS 5: Chemical Bonding, Octet Rule, and Lewis Structure

Paramagnetism

Attracted to a magnet; unpaired electrons.

Diamagnetism

Repelled by a magnet; paired electrons.

Chemical Bonds

Are forces that hold atoms together to make compounds or molecules.

Octet Rule

Is an important principle that the atoms which have bonded share eight outer electrons.

Octet Rule

The atoms like to have eight electrons only in their full outer shells.

Valence Electrons

For achieving eight electrons in their outer shells, atoms would gain or lose the _____ _____?

Ionic Bonds

It is a complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms.

Ionic Bonds

This requires an electron donor, often a metal, and an electron acceptor, a non-metal.

Metals

Loses electrons to become a positively charged cation.

Non-metals

It accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.

Cation

Metallic and has a positive (+) charge and the electron donor.

Anion

Non-metallic and has a negative charge and electron acceptor.

Covalent Bonds

It is the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Covalent Bonds

This bonding occurs primarily between non-metals.

Covalent Bonds

Sharing of bonding pairs will ensure that the atoms achieve stability in their outer shell.

Polar

A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have different electronegativity and therefore have unequal sharing of the bonding electron pair.

Nonpolar

A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have the same electronegativity and therefore have equal sharing of the bonding electron pair.

Polar

EN ≥ 0.5

Nonpolar

0.4 ≥ EN