Esthetics Exam Study Guide

Standard Esthetics Milady

Clinical Esthetics

Also known as medical esthetics, the integration of surgical procedures and esthetic treatments

Esthetician

also known as aesthetician; a specialist in the cleansing, beautification, and preservation of health of skin on the entire body, including the face and neck

Esthetics

also known as aesthetics, from the greek word aesthetikos (meaning perceptible to the senses) a branch of anatomical science that deals with the overall health and well-being of the skin, the largest organ of the human body

henna

A dye obtained from the powdered leaves and shoots of the mignonette tree; used as a reddish hair dye and in temporary design tattooing.

Kosmetikos

Greek word meaning skilled in the use of the cosmetics.

oncology

the study and treatment of cancer and tumors

Anatomy

study of the structures of the human body and the substances these structures are made of , how the body parts are organized, and the science of the structure of organisms or their parts

abduction

muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, toe, arm, away from the midline of the body or of an extremity. In the hand, abduction separates the fingers.

absorption

the transport of fully digested food into the circulatory system to feed the tissues and cells

accessory nerve

known as the 11th cranial nerve; a type of motor nerve that controls the neck and the shoulder muscle

adduction

muscles that draw a body part, such as finger, arm, or toe, inward towards the median axis of the body or of an extremity. In the hand, adduction draw the fingers together.

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

transports chemical energy within the cell for metabolism

adipose tissue

a specialized connective tissue considered fat, which gives smoothness and contour to the body and cushions and insulates the body

adrenal gland

glands that are located at the top of the kidney assisting in the regulation of metabolism, stress response, and blood pressure, and support of immune system health through the generation of specific hormones

aorta

the body’s largest artery, the arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body

arteries

thick-walled muscular, flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the capillaries throughout the body

arterioles

small arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries

auricularis muscles

the three muscles of the ear that work together to move the ear upward, forward, or backward

auriculotemporal nerve

affects the external ear and skin above the temple, up to the top of the skull

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles, regulates the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, and heart

belly

middle part of muscle

biceps

muscle producing the contour of the front and inner side of the arm

blood

nutritive fluid circulating through the cardiovascular system (heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries) to supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues and to remove carbon dioxide and waste from them

blood vessels

tubelike structures that transport blood to and from the heart, and to various tissues of the body, include arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins

body systems

groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions. The body is composed of 11 major systems.

brain

part of the nervous system contained in the cranium, largest and most complex nerve tissue, controls sensation, muscles, and glandular activity

brain stem

structures that connects the spinal cord to the brain

buccal nerve

affects the muscles of the mouth

buccinator

the thin, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips, as when blowing a whistle

capillaries

tiny, thin walled blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to the veins. Capillaries bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste material

cardiovascular system

body system consisting of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries for the distribution of blood throughout the body

carpus

aka wrist, a flexible joint composed of 8 small, irregular bones (carpals) held together by ligaments

cell membrane

part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell

cells

basic unit of all living things, performing all the fundamental functions of life

central nervous system (CNS)

cerebrospinal nervous system (brain, spinal cord, spinal nerve, and cranial nerves)

cervical nerves

a branch of the facial nerve that affects the side of the platysma muscle

cervical cutaneous nerve

located at the side of the neck affects the front and side of the neck as far down as the breastbone

cervical vertebrae

the seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column located in the neck region

circulatory system

aka cardiovascular system; system that controls the steady circulatory of blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessel

clavicle

also known as collarbone, bone joining the sternum and scapula

common carotid arteries

arteries that supply blood to the face, head, and neck, located on either side of the neck, having an internal and external branch

connective tissue

fibrous tissue that binds together, protects, supports the various parts of the body such as bone, cartilage, and tendons. Examples of connective tissue are bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, blood, lymph, and fat

corrugator muscle

facial muscle that draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically