BIO7 Lecture Exam Review

What kind of tissue is blood?

Connective Tissue

What are the main substances transported by blood?

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Nutrients

Hormones

What homeostatic parameter is regulated by blood?

Body temperature

What do blood components protect the body from?

Pathogens

What does blood form to prevent injury?

Clots

The percentage of blood plasma

55%

The percentage of formed elements

45%

What are the elements of formed blood?

Red blood cells

White blood cells

Platelets

What are the formed elements consisted of?

Mostly water

Proteins
Solutes

What is the heaviest component of blood?

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

What formed element contains hemoglobin?

Red blood cells

What percentage of water makes up plasma?

90%

What are the nutrients from the digestive system that are carried by the bloodstream?

Glucose

Amino acids

Vitamins

Minerals

Fatty acids

Which organs filter waste products from the blood?

The kidneys

What are the waste products that are filtered from the blood by the urinary system?

Urea, uric acid, creatinine

What are the other components that are transported by blood?

Electrolytes, components of the immune system, enzymes, hormones

Most proteins that circulate plasma are made in…

The liver

What are the two things carried by plasma proteins?

Hormones

Fatty acids

What percentage of total blood volume do red blood cells make up?

40-45%

Where are red blood cells produced?

In red bone marrow of spongy bone

What immature red blood cells called?

Hemocytoblasts

What are the specialized capillaries that allow red blood cells to leave the marrow and enter the bloodstream?

Sinusoids

What are the oxygen-carrying molecules that transport gas on red blood cells?

Hemoglobin

In TISSUES, oxygen diffuses from red blood cells where the oxygen concentration is…

High

When red blood cells go across CAPILLARY WALLS that go into tissue cells, oxygen concentration is

Low

Carbon dioxide is carried inside

Red blood cells

Carbon dioxide is dissolved in

Blood plasma

Which leukocytes are lymphocytes?

T Lymphocytes and B Lymphocytes

White blood cells make up what percentage of total blood volume?

About 1%