Ch. 8 "The Civil War"

MN became the: __________ State in 1858

32nd

Many Americans viewed the nation as having WHAT two parts:

North and South

Plantation

A large estate on which crops are cultivated by enslaved laborers

The main crops grown in the South:

Cotton, Sugar, and Tobacco

Abolitionist

Someone who wants to end slavery

Underground Railroad

A network of secret routes that helped enslaved African Americans escape to freedom in Northern states.

The ________________ River was a key escape pathway for enslaved persons

Mississippi

Dred and Harriet Scott

Enslaved people brought to Fort Snelling in free territory.

Dred was owned by Dr. Emerson and Harriet was owned by Lawrence Taliaferro

Secede

To withdraw from an organization or a country

When did the Civil War take place?

1861-1865

What was the Union’s focus at the start of the Civil War?

1. Save the Union

2. End slavery

What was the first state to volunteer troops to fight for the Union?

Minnesota

Union

The Northern states during the Civil War

Confederacy

• The 11 southern states that seceded from the Union during the Civil War

• Called the Confederate States of America (CSA)

The sacrifice of the First Minnesota Regiment at _________________________ saved the Union from defeat.

Battle of Gettysburg

Josias King

The first man to volunteer for the Union in the Civil War

Francis Clayton

A soldier from St. Paul who disguised herself as a man to fight alongside her husband and took the name Jack Williams

Charley Goddard

• Union soldier from Winona, lied about his age (15) and joined the Army

• Lived with the wounds and trauma of war, died at 23

Robert Hickman

A slave who could read and write. He escaped slavery in Missouri up the Mississippi River on a raft before landing in Minnesota where he co-founded Pilgrim Baptist Church in St. Paul

Veteran

A person who has served in the armed forces

Albert Woolson

• “The Last Union Survivor”

• Lived to 106, died in 1956 in Duluth

Samuel Bloomer

Secret word: A soldier who lived in Mahtomedi and was given the honor of carrying the First Minnesota's battle flag from the old state capitol to the new

What was the Supreme Court decision in the Dred Scott case?

The Scotts were “property” and not citizens

The North and the South were connected economically.  Southern plantations received _____ in exchange for providing ______ to Northern clothing factories.

money, cotton

The North and the South were connected economically. Northern clothing factories received ____ in exchange for selling ____ to people in the South.

money, clothing

Before the Civil War, the North had:

Big cities, big factories, smaller farms that produce foods and goods for a growing population, no slavery

At one time, some people in the North owned slaves.

Before the Civil War, the South had:

Few large cities and factories, fewer railroad tracks, population not growing fast as fewer immigrants settled there, slavery allowed.

North’s viewpoint of slavery

Slavery was morally wrong and unprofitable, they passed laws to make it illegal.  Northerners didn’t want slavery to spread to new western states

South’s viewpoint of slavery

Slavery was essential to their way of life and farmers depended on slave labor. Southerners wanted slavery to spread to new western states

Which Amendment gave citizenship to anyone born in the United States regardless of race?

14th

Which Amendment outlawed slavery?

13th

Which Amendment gave the right to vote to men regardless of skin color?

15th

How did people in Minnesota support the war and soldiers?

Wrote letters and sent packages to soldiers

Provided companionship to soldier’s wives and mothers

People did extra work done on farms to keep them running

Groups raised money for families of men who had died

________________ was an enslaved person from Mississippi brought to Minnesota by their plantation owner. They received help from the Grey family and the court awarded their freedom.

Eliza Winston

Charley Goddard was sick during this battle and was not able to fight.

Bull Run

What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

An order issued by President Lincoln to free the slaves in the South during the war. 

Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation during the middle of the war. How did it change the goals of the war?

Before the war most Northerners were fighting to preserve the Union, after the proclamation, Northerners were also fighting to free those who were enslaved

What were the three events that led to the start of the Civil War?

1. President Lincoln is elected President

2. Southern states secede

3. South attacks Fort Sumter

Charley Goddard was seriously wounded in this battle after being shot in the leg and shoulder.

Gettysburg

Charley Goddard survived fighting during the bloodiest battle in American history.

Antietam

The First Minnesota Regiment was outnumbered five to one at this battle.  Their sacrifice saved the Union from defeat at which battle?

Gettysburg

What was the response of Northern business owners to the Eliza Winston case?

Some Minnesota business owners angry because they wanted to maintain good relationships with Southerners so they would continue to be paying tourists.

Who saw action in most major battles in the East and made a sacrifice which saved Union from defeat at Gettysburg:

First Minnesota Regiment

What were two effects the Civil War had on the United States?

More than 600,000 soldiers and civilians lost their lives.

Many parts of the South were in ruins.

What were two effects the Civil War had on Minnesota?

Economy flourished, wheat production doubled, immigrants continued to move in

Minnesotans learned that their lives were connected to others