APUSH Unit 5 Quiz

James K. Polk

Democrat elected __president in 1844__

* __First American dark horse candidate for president__ (__Franklin Pierce was another dhc__ who won the Democratic nomination and then the __presidency__)
* Not one of the announced candidates before the Democratic convention of that year

Manifest Destiny

__Americans believed__ themselves to have a __God-given right to possess a nation__ from the __Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean__

* Fueled the continued American __expansion westward__

Oregon Trail

A __six-month, 2,000-mile journey to Oregon__

* __Brought settlers__ to the __Oregon territory__
* Many settled in the Willamette Valley

Oregon Treaty

1846

* __Gave most of Oregon to the Americans__

Bear Flag Republic

Officially __proclaimed in the California territory__ on __July 4, 1846__

Treaty of Guad-Hidalgo

Signed on February 2, 1848 and officially __ended the Mexican-American War__

* Many who had __favored war__ __considered__ the treaty __too generous to the defeated Mexicans__

Wilmot Proviso

David Wilmot introduced an __amendment__ to a bill __authorizing funding for the Mexican-American War__ that stated __slavery could not exist in any territory acquired from Mexico__

* Was __passed by the House of Rep. four times__ and __rejected by the Senate each time__


* __Symbolized__ the __growing tension over westward expansions__ and the __question of slavery__

Missouri Compromise

President Polk decided to __continue the line drawn out to the Pacific Ocean__

* Slavery __allowed__ in territories __south__ of the line
* Slavery __not allowed__ in territories __north__ of the line

Free-Soil Party

Members of the __Liberty party__ and __defectors__ from the __Whig and Democratic parties__

* __Main purpose__ was to __oppose slavery in the newly acquired western territories__

Compromise of 1850

Both the __North and South got some of what they wanted__ from the compromise

* __Northerners__ were happy the legislation __allowed California to enter the Union as a free state__
* Residents of __New Mexico__ and __Utah__ territories would __decide if areas would be slave territories__ and that __slave trading was eliminated in Wash. D.C.__
* __Strengthening__ the __Fugitive Slave Act__ bothered Abolitionists in the North

Fugitive Slave Act

Law that made it a __crime to help runaway slaves__

* Allowed for the __arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal__ and __required their return to slaveholders__
* Part of the Compromise of 1850

Stephen Douglas

__Sponsored the bill that proposed the creation of the Kansas and Nebraska territories__

* Was __pressured by Southern senators__
* Included a __provision in the bill that the existence of slavery in these territories would be decided by a vote of those who lived there__
* __Opposed by Abraham Lincoln__ in the 1858 election for senator from Illinois

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Major Slave Legislation #3 of 3

* Reversed the __Missouri Compromise__
* Constructed by __Stephen Douglas__
* Let __Kansas and Nebraska decide__ if they would be a __slave state or not__ (__popular sovereignty__)

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

* Written by __Harriet Beecher Stowe__
* A __response__ to the __Fugitive Slave Act__
* Demonstrated the __immortality of slavery__
* Quickly became the __best-selling book in America__
* __Popularity__ helped __stoke the fires of abolition__

Gadsden Purchase

__American diplomats negotiated with Mexico__

* Gave __America an additional southern route for trade__ and __territory for a proposed transcontinental railroad__

Know-Nothing party

__Former Whigs__ that __developed in response to the rising Immigration__ from Ireland and Germany

* __**Nativist**__
* Especially __anti-Catholic__

Republican Party

Created from the __fury over the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act__

* __Exclusively Northern__
* __Dedicated__ to the __principle that slavery should be prohibited in all territories__
* __Replaced__ the __Know-Nothings as the second most important political party in the US__

Bleeding Kansas

Many __proslavery settlers flooded into Kansas from Missouri,__ thus __ensuring the election of a proslavery legislature in 1855 by casting illegal ballots__

* __Fighting broke out__ between the __anti-slavery and proslavery factions__ in that territory
* Free-soil settlement at Lawrence was attacked, in response, Abolitionist John Brown and his followers killed five proslavery settlers

Dred Scott

A __former slave__ who was __suing for his freedom__ on the __basis that his owner had taken him to stay__ first in a __free state__, Illinois, and __then into free territory__, Wisconsin

* Dred Scott case finally __made it to the Supreme Court docket in 1856__

Abraham Lincoln

* Was a __part of 1858 election for senator from Illinois__
* __Used to be a Whig, now a Republican__, having broken from the Whig party over slavery
* __Practicing attorney__
* Been in the __US Congress during the Mexican War__
* Narrowly __lost an earlier bid for the Senate in 1852__

Freeport Doctrine

__Douglas’ response__ to __how the residents of a territory could exclude slavery__ in light of the Dred Scott decision

* __Maintained that territory could exclude slavery if__ the __laws and regulations written made slavery impossible to enforce__

Election of 1860

__Election of Abraham Lincoln as president in 1860__ virtually __ensured__ that some __Southern states would leave the Union__

* __Stephen Douglas__ received the __support of Northern__ Democrats
* __John Breckinridge__ got __support from Southern__ Democrats
* __Lincoln received nearly 40% of the popular vote__ and __easily won the Electoral College vote__
* __Lincoln won__

Confederate States of America

Seven states that __left the union__

* F- __Florida__
* A- __Alabama__
* S- __South Carolina__ (__first to leave__)
* T- __Texas__

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* M- __Mississippi__
* L- __Louisiana__
* G- __Georgia__

Compromise of 1877

Democrats __allowed Hayes to be president__ __in return for the removal of all federal troops from the south__

Election of 1844

Democratic candidate __James K. Polk__ vs Whig candidate __Henry Clay__

* __Polk wins__


* Polk with __170__ electoral votes to Clay’s __105__