IPS1- Introduction - Preservation Against Microbial Contamination

Proverbs 16:3

● Syrups

● Emulsions

● Semisolid preparations

● Ophthalmic products

● Parenterals (multiple-dose package)

Products REQUIRING preservatives [5]

● Alcoholic and hydroalcoholic solutions (15-20% alcohol)

● Elixirs

● Tinctures

● Spirits

● Large Volume Parenterals

Products NOT REQUIRING preservatives [5]

15% - 20% alcohol

Alcoholic and Hydroalcoholic Solutions containing ____ % alcohol are SELF-PRESERVING.

● Under 6 years of age - 0.5%

● 6-12 years old - 5%

● Over 12 years old - 10%

Recommended Alcohol Limits in Pediatric and Adult Preparations

0.5%

Recommended Alcohol Limits in Pediatrics UNDER 6 YEARS OF AGE.

10%

Recommended Alcohol Limits in Pediatrics OVER 12 YEARS OLD.

5%

Recommended Alcohol Limits in Pediatrics 6 to 12 YEARS OLD.

● Parenteral preparations

● Ophthalmic preparations

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

These preparations are sterilized by AUTOCLAVING, BACTERIAL FILTRATION, and DRY HEAT but may still require additional preservatives.

● Autoclaving

● Bacterial filtration

● Dry heat

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

Parenteral and Ophthalmic preparations are sterilized by [3]

● Chlorobutanol

● Benzalkonium Chloride

● Phenyl Mercuric Nitrate

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

These are the frequently used preservatives in OPHTHALMIC preparations because of their LOW DEGREE OF IRRITANT QUALITIES. [3]

Ophthalmic preparations

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

Chlorobutanol, Benzalkonium Chloride and Phenyl Mercuric Nitrate are the frequently used preservatives in ____ preparations because of their low degree of irritant qualities.

TRUE

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

TRUE OR FALSE:

Acidic preservatives are more effective in acid media.

TRUE

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

TRUE OR FALSE:

Alkaline preservatives are less effective in acid or neutral media but more effective in alkaline media

● Benzoic acid

● Sodium benzoate

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

Acidic preservatives [2]

Alcohol

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

General preservative

● Cresol

● Phenol

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

Strong antimicrobial agents [2]

● Chlorobutanol

● Benzalkonium Chloride

● Phenyl Mercuric Nitrate

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

Preservatives for OPHTHALMIC PRODUCTS [3]

Parabens (methylparaben, propylparaben)

[CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESERVATION OF STERILE PRODUCTS]

Effective as ANTIFUNGALS in addition to antibacterial action.