Honors English 9 WINTER EXAM

Dialouge

conversation between two or more people

Dialect

A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.

flat character

A character who embodies a single quality and who does not develop in the course of a story

round character

A character who demonstrates some complexity and who develops or changes in the course of a work

Protagonist

main character

Antagonist

A character or force in conflict with the main character

foil character

a character who works well, complements, and adds to another character

Foreshadowing

A narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader.

Imagery

sensational descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.

Allusion

A reference to another work of literature, person, or event

Metaphor

A comparison without using like or as

Simile

A comparison of two unlike things using like or as

Personification

A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes

Hyperbole

exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.

Irony

the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.

Mood

Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader

Symbolism

A device in literature where an object represents an idea.

Theme

Central idea of a work of literature

villain

an evil or wicked person or character, especially in a story or play

fiction

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

Nonfiction

prose writing that is based on facts, real events, and real people, such as biography or history and poems.

short story

a story with a fully developed theme but significantly shorter and less elaborate than a novel

poetry

A kind of rhythmic, compressed language that uses figures of speech, sound devices, and imagery designed to appeal to our emotions and imagination.

fantasy

a story that concerns an unreal world or contains unreal characters; a ________ may be merely whimsical, or it may present a serious point in an unrealistic fashion

mystery

A suspenseful story about a puzzling event that is not solved until the later in the story.

memoir

an account of the author's personal experiences from memory

biography

A written account of another person's life.

essay

a short nonfiction work about a particular subject, often includes research or use of prior knowledge

realistic fiction

made up but believable; could really have happened, but is not rooted in fact

letter

a written or printed communication addressed to a person or group

historical document

written articles from the past that contain important information about a person, place, or event

Suspence

a mystery of what is going to happen next

science fiction

A type of fantasy that uses science and technology. (Robots, time machines, etc.).

Methods of Characterization

STEAL, Speech, thoughts, effect on others, actions, looks

Poetic Structure

the organization of words, lines, and images as well as ideas

Stanza

A group of lines in a poem

refrain

A line or set of lines repeated several times over the course of a poem.

metaphor

comparison not using like or as

Couplet

A pair of rhymed lines that may or may not constitute a separate stanza in a poem.

internal rhyme

poetry that rhymes inside the middle of one line

Alliteration

the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.

Personification

A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes

Repetition

Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis

rhetorical question

A question asked merely for effect with no answer expected.

Exposition

A narrative device, often used at the beginning of a work that provides necessary background information about the characters and their environments and surroundings

inciting incident

an event that introduces the central conflict

rising action

Events leading up to the climax

Climax

the turning point of the story

falling action

Events after the climax, leading to the resolution

Conclusion

the end of the story

en medias res

to begin in the middle of things

Flashback

A method of narration in which present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events, or a character can remember past events

Flashforward

An alteration of story order in which the plot presentation moves forward to future events and then returns to the present.

objective summary

a summary of a piece of literature that is completely objective, without bias.

extended metaphor

A comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem.