Unite 2 progressive movement

Referendum

:A vote by the people on a law passed by a legislature. Important because it gives voters direct power in lawmaking.

Recall

A procedure allowing voters to remove elected officials. Important for increasing accountability in government.

Initiative

Citizens propose and vote on laws directly. Important for bypassing unresponsive legislatures.

17th Amendment

Allowed direct election of U.S. Senators. Important for reducing corruption and increasing democracy.

16th Amendment

Gave Congress power to collect income taxes. Important for funding federal reforms and programs.

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Law banning monopolistic practices. Important for promoting fair competition.

Elkins Act

Prohibited railroad rebates. Important for regulating railroad corruption.

Hepburn Act

Allowed the ICC to set railroad rates. Important for strengthening federal regulation of transportation.

Newlands Act / National Reclamation Act

Funded irrigation in the West. Important for land development and conservation.

Gifford Pinchot

First U.S. Forest Service Chief. Important for promoting conservation and sustainable resource use.

Theodore Roosevelt as a Progressive

26th President who fought for reforms in business, environment, and public health. Important as a key Progressive leader.

Meat Inspection Act

Required inspection of meatpacking plants. Important for ensuring food safety.

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Regulates food and medicine safety. Important for protecting public health.

Interstate Commerce Act

Created ICC to regulate railroads. Important as the first step toward federal regulation of business.

Ida Tarbell

Investigative journalist who exposed Standard Oil. Important for fueling anti-trust action.

Upton Sinclair

Author of The Jungle, exposing meatpacking horrors. Important for sparking food safety reforms.

18th Amendment

Banned alcohol (Prohibition). Important for addressing social issues, though it had negative side effects.

19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote. Important milestone in the women’s rights movement.

Goals of the Progressive Movement

 Political reform, economic regulation, social justice, and environmental protection. Important for shaping early 20th-century reforms.