Autonomic Nervous System: Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic

A set of Q&A flashcards covering the basic divisions, targets, and typical responses of the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the Autonomic Nervous System as described in the notes.

What are the two divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic.

What is the primary function of the Sympathetic division?

Fight or flight responses.

What is the primary function of the Parasympathetic division?

Rest and digest (conserving energy and promoting maintenance activities).

Which tissues are innervated by the Autonomic Nervous System (target organs)?

Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands.

What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on the pupils?

Pupils dilate (mydriasis).

What effect does the sympathetic division have on heart rate and digestion?

Increases heart rate and generally reduces digestive activity (slows digestion).

What effect does the parasympathetic division have on heart rate and GI activity?

Lowers heart rate and stimulates digestion (increases GI activity).

What metabolic effect does sympathetic stimulation have on the liver?

Causes the liver to release glucose (glycogenolysis) to raise blood glucose levels.

How does sympathetic stimulation affect bronchioles?

Bronchioles dilate (bronchodilation) to improve airflow.

During sympathetic activation, where is blood flow redirected?

Blood flow is shunted toward skeletal muscles and away from the digestive system.