Science Finals Study Guide ( old )

White Blood Cells

White Blood Cells

Fight infection

Platelets

Clots Blood

Digestive System

Breaks down food and absorbs energy and nutrients

Red Blood Cells

Carry’s oxygen

Plasma

Makes up majority of blood by volume

Respiratory

Gives body oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

Analogous Structures

Body parts that perform similar functions but have different structures

Carnivore

Only eats other animals

Herbivore

Only eats plants

Omnivore

Eats plants and animals

Theory of evolution

Population + species change over time

Adaptations

Traits which develops to help survive and reproduce

Vestigial Structures

Body parts that have lost their original function

Relationship between DNA + Theory of evolution

2 species with similar DNA likely share a common ancestor

Human influences on evolution

Artificial selection, pollution, climate change

What affects species distribution ?

Solar system changes, environmental changes , location, tectonic shifts

Muscular

Works with skeleton system to allow us to move

Speciation

Process of new species branching from existing lineages

Homologous structures

Body parts that are similar in structure/ position but different functions

Decomposer

Breaks down the remains of decaying organic matter

Hypodermis

Layer below dermis ( fat grows)

Dermis

Layer below epidermis ( hair grows)

Epidermis

Outside layer of skin ( skin grows)

Producer

Make its own food

What evidence is available for the theory of evolution?

• comparative anatomy

• Molecular Biology

• Fossils

• Embryology

Why do species become extinct?

• loss of habitat

• Introduction of new species

• Loss of food source

• Increased competition

Scavenger

Eats the remains of dead organisms

Common ancestry

2 species may have evolved from, even if appearing unrelated

Cardiovascular

Pumps blood around the body

Integumentary

Acts as a physical barrier to outside world