PSYCH2400 PRELIM 1

Sarason Community Definition

"A readily available, mutually supportive network of relationships on which one could depend."

Locality Based Community

Traditional view of communities, created by a shared physical space. Neighborhoods; schools; towns; cities.

Relational Communities

Communities that are defined more by shared goals, interests, activities, or social identities than by geographical location or physical proximity. Examples include online discussion groups, religious congregations, workplaces, and political parties.

Psychological Sense of Community

McMillan and Chavis. "A feeling that members have of belonging, a feeling that members matter to one another, and a shared faith that members' needs will be met through their commitment to be together."

SOC: Membership

Personal investment and belonging. Involves boundaries, common symbols, emotional safety, and personal investment.

SOC: Influence

Power from members over the group and power from the group over members. When people feel they have an influence on the direction of the group, their SOC increases.

SOC: Integration and fulfillment

The extent of SOC, due to a heightened presence of shared values and resource exchanges.

SOC: Shared Emotional Connection

Very vague, intangible, and subjective metric of SOC. Often expressed through strong emotive and communicative language, movement, attitude.

Individual Perspective

Often deployed by Clinical Psychologists to fix mental health problems. Psychiatric issues are personal and limited to the self.

Contextual perspective

Often deployed by Social Workers. Gives holistic approach to solving individual mental health issues by better understanding outside influences and far reaching forces. (Jane Addams Settlement House)

Swampscott Conference of 1965

Landmark meeting which established the formal study of Community Psychology.

Ignacio Martin-Baro

Social Psychologist, philosopher, Jesuit Priest. Helped increase presence of CP in Latin America. 'Soc. sci. should transform the world, not just explain it"

Paulo Friere

"Conscientization implies then that when I realize that I am oppressed, I also know I can liberate myself if I transform the concrete situation where I find myself oppressed."

Praxis

Action and/or practice. (In hooks, the 'practical application' of a theory)

Reflexivity

The action of examining personal feelings, reactions, and motives. Also, understanding how these influence what we do or think in a given situation.

The Head

Knowledge and the interests that lead us to pursue specific tracts of knowledge.

The Heart

'Affective' practice. Our internalized values and emotions. Spurs Hot and Cold anger

The Hand

Building relationships, taking action. Application of CP work in the actual community.

Langhout CP Process

Hot anger, Cold anger; Solidarity work; transformation of structural relations.

Context, Needs, Action (Basis for values)

What is there now? What is missing? What can be done?

Social Justice

Fair and equitable allocation of bargaining powers, resources, and obligations in society in consideration of people's differential power, needs, and abilities to express wishes.

Distributive Justice

The fair allocation of opportunities, resources, obligations, and power to each unit.

Procedural Justice

Transparent, fair, respectful, inclusive, and participatory decision making processes.

Personal Wellbeing

Allows improvement in individual community members. Self determination, autonomy, personal health.

Relational Wellbeing

"happiness is 100% relational" Personal success relies on the ability to connect positively and consistently with other individuals. Beyond individuals, mutualistic relation to material, social, and environmental surroundings is important.

Synergy

The perfect balance of personal, relational, and collective wellbeing in a community.

Collective Wellbeing

Group health.

Values

Principles to guide action, and a lens through which we see the world.

Vision(basis for values)

The direction of values. What should we strive for, and what should it look like?

Theory

Organized set of ideas that try to explain a phenomenon and better see the world with tools.

Etic

Universality based theoretical approach. Outsider view. Inductive

Emic

Subjective, insider view. Deductive

Empowerment theory

How individuals, groups, communities, and societies get, maintain, and distribute power. P is relational, contextual.

Social network approach

emphasizes the importance of interconnectedness of individuals. Analyzes pathways of access and flow of resources among said pathways, between individuals.

Ecological Systems theory

Microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem (abbreviated from Bfbnr.

A Priori Theory Type

Top down, deductive. Deducing inference or conclusion from general rules.

Posteriori Theory Type

Bottom up, inductive. Ideas come out of observations of specific case.

Zero sum, Zero plus

Theories on power resources

Closed, Invited, Claimed

Spaces of power. Elite make decisions (power over), some people are welcomed to the circle (power to, from), Organic powerful spaces (power with)

Power Cube Dimensions

Global, National, Local. Closed, Invited, Claimed. Visible, Hidden, Invisible.

P-Model

Describes culture as the intersectional, multifaceted relation between people, places, and practices. All three influence culture.

Indigenous Systems Theory

Places History at the center, followed by culture.