period two: 1607-1754

jamestown

colony started by the virginia company
key people: john smith, pocahontas, john rolfe
became royal colony of virginia

plymouth

colony started by religious separatists (pilgrims)
key people: miles standish, squanto, william bradford

massachusetts bay

colony formed by puritans with a charter from the massachusetts bay company
key people: john winthrop
puritans persecuted under king charles ii, leave in great migration

mercantilism

economic system dedicated to making money for the mother country; lots of smuggling

house of burgesses

bicameral elected legislative body of virginia, first representative form of government in the united states

mayflower compact

first governing document of plymouth colony

act of toleration

parliamentary act granting freedom to nonconformists -- freedom [for protestants] to worship publicly

new england confederation

union for mutual safety between massachusetts bay, plymouth, connecticut, and new haven colonies

dominion of new england

administrative union of new england + mid-atlantic colonies

navigation acts

legislation ensuring that colonies would provide resources to england
prevented colonists from trading with the dutch + spanish
said that the dominion of new england would be governed by edmund andros

edmund andros

appointed governor of the dominion of new england by james ii

transatlantic trade

exchange of goods between africa, the americas, and europe
established atlantic slave trade

bacon's rebellion

uprising of western farmers vs. virginia -- colonial (british) government did nothing to protect settlers against indigenous attacks
one of the first instances of colonial resistance towards britain

king philip's war (aka metacom's war)

occurred after british threatened indigenous sovereignty by encroaching on their lands + created a dependency on britain for their resources

enlightenment (aka "age of reason")

intellectual movement encouraging reason + science > blind faith

benjamin franklin

printer, publisher, scientist; embodied enlightenment ideals in british atlantic

great awakening

religious revival movement that emphasized renewed dedication to christianity after traveling preachers spread news of salvation from sin

george whitefield

preacher who traveled the country during the great awakening + preached to anyone he could

zenger case

establishment of freedom of the press

great migration

mass movement of English Puritans to settle in Massachusetts