HIV/AIDS

HIV

Retrovirus attacking CD4+ T-cells; long latency period

AIDS

Disease state following untreated HIV; immunodeficiency

CD4+ Cells

Immune cells targeted by HIV

Reverse Transcriptase

Enzyme HIV uses to replicate

SIV

Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; likely origin of HIV

Gaëtan Dugas

Wrongly labeled “Patient Zero”

Jerry Falwell

Evangelical leader who called AIDS divine punishment

Jesse Helms

Senator who blocked AIDS education funding

ACT UP

Activist group demanding treatment and visibility

Pink Triangle

Nazi symbol reclaimed by ACT UP as protest emblem

Thabo Mbeki

South African president who rejected ART

AZT (Retrovir)

Early HIV drug with harsh side effects

HeLa Cells

Immortal cell line from Henrietta Lacks

Insite

Vancouver safe injection site; harm reduction model

Concentrated Epidemic

Affects marginalized groups (e.g., U.S. gay men)

Generalized Epidemic

Affects entire population (e.g., Sub-Saharan Africa)

Tuskegee Study

U.S. experiment on Black men with untreated syphilis

Uganda Model

Public health success via early intervention

Pharmaceutical Lobby

Barrier to affordable HIV treatment

Safe Sex Education

Suppressed in U.S. due to moral panic

IMF / World Bank

Pushed Mandela into austerity over public health