ap gov unit 2: The executive

Formal Presidential powers

Exclusive executive powers defined in Article 2 of the Constitution.

Informal presidential powers

Powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but derived from the President’s role.

Executive order

Official directives issued by the President on how to carry out a law or policy. Does not require congressional approval.

Executive agreement

Agreements with foreign nations that do not require senate ratification. Can be appealed by a future president.

Signing statement

Written statement that the president adds when signing a bill. Providing their interpretation and opinion on the bill.

Line-item veto

Special type of veto power that allows an executive to reject specific items in a bill without rejecting the whole legislation.

Executive privilege

The right of the President and other high level executive officials to refuse to disclose information or testify before legislative and judicial bodies.

22nd amendment

Limits the number of terms a President can have to 2 terms.

25th Amendment

Outlines the procedures for Presidential succession. Clarifies the process by which a VP can assume the presidency in the event of the president’s removal, death, or resignation.

The imperial presidency

Refers to a significant expansion of presidential power.

War Powers Act

A federal law that aims to limit the president’s ability to engage U.S. forces in military conflicts without congressional approval.

Bully pulpit

Power given to the President that allowed them to speak with the American people and pressure Congress. Used to influence public opinion and advocate for their agenda.

State of the Union address

Annual speech delivered by the President to a joint session of Congress. Reports on the nation’s conditions, outlining key issues, and presents their future agenda.

Impeachment

Congress’ ability to remove the president for “high crimes and misdemeanors” Example: Treason and bribery. Simple majority in the House followed by a 2/3 majority in the Senate.