3.2 (not assigned) The Seven Years' War

Seven Years' War/French and Indian War, George Washington, Edward Braddock, Albany Plan of Union, Peace of Paris, salutary neglect, Pontiac's Rebellion, Proclamation of 1763

three wars 1689 - 1748

• King William’s War (1689-1697) - British attempted to capture Quebec from the French and failed, British frontier settlements burned

• Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) - British gained Nova Scotia from French and trading rights in Spanish America

• King George’s War (1744-1748) - New Englanders captured Louisburg from the French only for the British to exchange it for political and economic gains in India

Seven Years’ War/French and Indian War

• France attempted to halt westward growth of British colonies by building a chain of forts in the Ohio River Valley

• Colonel George Washington and milita sent to win control of the Ohio River Valley, surrendered to French and their indigenous allies

• expedition from Virginia led by General Edward Braddock ended in British defeat

• Albany Plan of Union - agreement adopted by delegates from seven colonies and developed by Benjamin Franklin

  • provided for intercolonial government, recruiting troops, and collecting taxes for common defense

  • never took effect

• British concentrated military strategy on conquering Canada

• Peace of Paris - peace treaty ending Seven Years’ War/French and Indian War - British acquired French Canada and Spanish Florida, ending French power in the continent

immediate effects of the Seven Years’ War/French and Indian War

• gave Great Britain unchallenged supremacy among Europeans in North America

• challenged autonomy of Native Americans

• established Great Britain as a dominant naval power

• American colonies no longer faced threat of attack from French, Spanish, or their indigenous allies

• British viewed colonies as weak and selfish

• colonies unimpressed with British troops and leadership

reorganization of the British empire

• salutary neglect abandoned, more forceful policies adopted

• King George III and Whigs wanted to tax the colonies

• Pontiac’s Rebellion - Chief Pontiac attacks settlements on the western frontier, British troops are sent

• Proclamation of 1763 - proclamation issued by the British government prohibiting settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains in an attempt to prevent future hostility with Native Americans, met with anger from the colonists