STUDENT_PSYC 3016 Week 9(1)

One-Way Within-Subjects ANOVA

A statistical test used to compare means of more than two related groups.

Dependent Variable (DV)

The variable that is being measured in an experiment, which is expected to change due to manipulation of the independent variable.

Independent Variable (IV)

The variable that is manipulated in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Null Hypothesis (H0)

A statement that no effect or no difference exists, typically stating that the means of different groups are equal.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1)

The hypothesis that indicates the presence of an effect or a difference, suggesting that means are not equal.

Sphericity

The assumption that the variances of the differences between conditions are equal in a repeated measures design.

Normality

An assumption that the residuals (differences between observed and predicted values) are normally distributed.

Effect Size

A quantitative measure of the magnitude of a phenomenon, often used to assess the practical significance of findings.

Confidence Interval (CI)

A range of values that is likely to contain the true population parameter with a specified level of confidence.

Shapiro-Wilk Test

A statistical test used to check the normality of the data distribution.

Family-Wise Error Rate (FWER)

The probability of making at least one Type I error among all the hypotheses tested.

Cohen's d

A measure of effect size that indicates the standardized difference between two means.

Post-hoc Tests

Analyses performed after an ANOVA to determine which specific group means are significantly different.

Friedman Test

A nonparametric alternative to the One-Way ANOVA for repeated measures.

Mauchly's Test

A test used to assess the sphericity assumption in repeated measures ANOVA.

Omega-squared (⍵2)

A measure of effect size that indicates the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variable.

Statistically Significant

A term referring to a result that is unlikely to occur by chance, typically indicated by a p-value less than a specified alpha level.

Bonferroni Correction

A statistical adjustment made to p-values when multiple comparisons are conducted to reduce the chances of obtaining false positives.

Mauchly's Test: H0

The null hypothesis stating that the variances of the differences between conditions are equal.

Variability

The degree to which data points in a statistical distribution differ from each other.

Taste Ratings

Subjective scores assigned to evaluate the flavor of coffee, ranging from 0 to 100.