closed circulatory system
blood flow is contained in vessels
coelem
body cavity
crop
one of a two-part stomach situation where food is stored
diffusion
movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration
flame cell
cells in flatworms that filter and remove excess water, urea, and ammonia
flatworm
soft, flat, unsegmented acoelmate worms with no anus. planarians, flukes, tapeworms
flukes
the largest class of flatworms, parasitic
ganglia
groups of nerve cells that control the nervous system; two long nerve cords with short ones b/n, like a ladder
gills
filamentous organ that is specialized for gas exchange
leeches
parasitic annelids without setae or paraodia; only member of class hirudinea
nephridia
excretory organs that filter fluid
parapodia
fleshy, paddle-like appendages that are sometimes accompanied by setae. used to swim, burrow, or crawl
parasite
an organism that lives off another organism, causing harm
endoparasite v ectoparasite
one type has a tegument coating to prevent from being digested and lives w/in an organism. the other lives on the outside of its host
pharynx
accompanied by the mouth and acts like a pump that moves food through the gastrointestinal cavity
proglottid
repeating reproductive sections on a tapeworm that make up its body
proboscis
extendable tubular sucking organ
pinworms
parasitic flatworm that causes oxyuriasis, or__________ infection that causes itching around the anus resulting from the female having laid her eggs
roundworms
also known as nematodes, these are unsegmented worms with specialized tissues and organ systems and two digestive openings: mouth and anus
setae
tiny, hair-like structures for traction
scavengers
those that feed upon recently dead organisms
schistosomiasis
a disease caused by flukes found in snail and humans where the eggs of the worm block blood vessels, causing swelling and tissue decay in the lungs, liver, spleen, or intestines
tapeworms
intestinal parasitic flatworms, class cestoda, that lack a digestive system and absorb nutrients from the host; composed of proglottids, or repeating sections. hermaphrodites
tegument
a protective coating around endoparasites that prevents them from being digested
trichinosis causing worms
complete their life cycle only when another animal eats muscle tissue containing their cysts
filarial worms
transmitted to humans by mosquitos
ascarid worms
causes malnutrition, spread by eating food that isn’t properly washed
ascarsis, hookworms
use sharp teethlike structures to enter the unprotected feet of a host