pharmacology ch 4 book questions

what term is defined as the study of the manner in which drug effects are manifested?

a. pharmacokinetics

b. pharmacodynamics

c. affinity

d. toxicity

pharmacodynamics

Drugs produce effects through mechanisms of action termed drug-receptor stimulation or blockade, nonspecific drug interactions, or which of the following?

a. drug-drug interactions

b. physiologic/biologic processes

c. drug-enzyme interactions

d. pharmacologic effect

drug enzyme interactions

What is the term for specific biologic sites located on a cell surface or within a cell that attract certain drugs?

a. target organs

b. organelles

c. receptors

d. keys

receptors

which of the following is true of drugs with antagonistic activity?

a. they stimulate receptors for which they have affinity

b. they block receptors for which they have affinity

c. they destroy receptors for which they have affinity

d. they have no effect on receptors for which they have affinity

they block receptors for which they have affinity

What is the term for the catalysts responsible for initiating changes in biochemical reactions?

a. proteins

b. agonistic drugs

c. substrates

d. enzymes

enzymes

What is the mechanism by which radiopaque contrast media elicit their desired effects through the radiopaque iodine contained within their structure?

a. drug enzyme interaction

b. drug drug interaction

c. nonspecific drug interaction

d. serum drug interaction

nonspecific drug interaction

What ist he term for a predictable extension of pharmacologic action into body systems other than those intended?

a. toxic effect

b. side effect

c. adverse effect

d. allergic effect

adverse effect

Which of the following are depicted on the plasma concentration graph?

a. onset of action

b. toxic concentration

c. half-life of elimination

d. al

toxic concentration

What are three mechanisms of drug action?

drug receptor, drug enzyme, nonspecific drug interactions

What is the relationship between dose and toxic effect?

increase dose increase toxic effect

TRUE OR FALSE: The plasma concentration at which a drug no longer produces serious adverse effects is known as the toxic level

false

TRUE OR FALSE: The therapeutic index is a measure of the relative effectiveness of a drug

false

TRUE OR FALSE: drugs have a specific affinity for their specific receptors on a cell surface or within a cell

true

TRUE OR FALSE: half life is the time required for the current serum concentration to double

false

TRUE OR FALSE: the half life of elimination generally remains stable for most drugs

true

TRUE OR FALSE: some drugs are completely safe

false

TRUE OR FALSE: efficacy is the degree to which a drug is able to produce the desired effect

true

TRUE OR FALSE: the latent period is the point at which a drug effect is no longer seen

false

TRUE OR FALSE: side, adverse, and toxic effects of drugs always are manifested immediately

false

TRUE OR FALSE: radiopaque contrast media elicit their desired effects through the radiopaque iodine contained in their structure

true

Generally thought to be catalysts responsible for changes in biochemical reactions, ________ occur throughout the body systems

enzymes

A __ is a predictable pharmacological action on body systems other than the action intended

side effect

When two drugs are combined and cause a pharmacologic response that is greater than it would have been if the drugs had been given individually, this is known as ___

synergism

The method by which a drug elicits effects is known as the ___

mechanism of action

The organ in which the ___ occurs is generally called the target organ

desired effect

a __ occurs when a drug resembles the substrate to which an enzyme usually attaches

drug enzyme

After drug administration the amount that reaches and remained in the systemic circulation depends of ___, ___, ___, and ___

rate/extent of absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination

Any unwanted effect from a drug is termed _________

adverse

Both toxic and allergic effects are known as ___________

adverse

A ___ occurs when two or more drugs act in unison to produce additive agonist, synergistic, or antagonist responses to each other

drug drug interaction