pidgins, creoles, patois

pidgins

contact language, where two or more languages meet e.g., two groups live together geographically but don’t share a language. often time-limited, heavily specific

creoles

develop out of pidgins. dialect formed from two languages. becomes a recognised form of the language

patois

a regional dialect of a language, usually considered low status

code mixing

the inclusion of words and phrases from one language in another

code switching

switching between different languages in a sustained way