Medical Terminology Chapter 3

Alg-, algi-, algesi-

pain

carcin-

cancer, carcinoma

cyst-

filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder

lith-

calculus, stone

onc-

tumor

path-

disease

py-

pus

pyr-, pyret-

fever, fire

scler-

hard

tox-, toxic-

poison

infectious

caused by pathogens

degenerative

caused by wear and tear, aging or trauma

neoplasia

abnormal, uncontrolled growth of tissue

immune disorders

failures of immune system

metabolic disorders

caused by lack of enzymes

hormonal disorders

under or overproduction of hormones

Brady-

slow

dys-

abnormal, painful, difficult

mal-

bad, poor

pachy-

thick

tachy-

rapid

\-xero

dry

\-cele

hernia, localized dilation

\-clasis, clasia

breaking

\-itis

inflammation

\-megaly

enlargement

\-odynia

pain

\-oma

tumor

\-pathy

any disease of

\-rhage, -rhagia

bursting forth, profuse flow, hemorrhage

\-rhea

flow, discharge

\-rhexis

rupture

\-schisis

fissure, splitting

ectasia, ectasis

dilation, distension

edema

accumulation of fluid, swelling

lysis

separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction

malacia

softening

necrosis

death of tissue

ptosis

dropping, downward displacement

sclerosis

hardening

spasm

sudden contraction

stasis

suppression, stoppage

stenosis

narrowing, constriction

staphylo-

grape-like cluster

strepto-

chain

bacill-

bacillus

bacteri-

bacterium

myc-

fungus, mold

vir-

virus

nosocomial

an infection acquired in a hospital

septicemia

presence of pathogenic bacteria in the blood

anaplasia

lack of normal differentiation

ascites

accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

effusion

escape of fluid into a cavity or other body part

exudate

material that escapes from blood vessels as a result of tissue injury

fistula

abnormal passage between two organs or from an organ to the surface of the body

induration

hardening; abnormally hard spot

CA

cancer

CIS

carcinoma in situ

FUO

fever of unknown origin

aer-

air, gas

bar-

pressure

chrom-, chromat-

color, stain

chron-

time

cry-

cold

electr-

electricity

erg-

work

phon-

sound, voice

phot-

light

radi-

radiation, xray

son-

sound

therm-

heat, temperature

auscultation

using a stethoscope

\-centesis

puncture, tap

\-desis

binding, fusion

\-ectomy

excision, surgical removal

\-pexy

surgical fixation

\-plasty

plastic repair, reconstruction

\-rhaphy

surgical repair, suture

\-tripsy

crushing

colic

acute abdominal pain associated with smooth muscle spasms

prodrome

a symptom indicating an approaching disease

sequela

a lasting effect of a disease

clysis

introduction of fluid into the body other than orally

lavage

the washing out of a cavity

paracenteses

puncture of a cavity for removal of fluid

prophylaxis

prevention of a disease

EOMI

extraocular muscles intact

HEENT

head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat

HPI

history of present illness

I&O

intake and output

IPPA

inspection, palpitation, percussion, auscultation

IVDA

intravenous drug abuse

NAD

no apparent distress

NKDA

no known drug allergies

PERLA

pupils equal react to light and accommodation

PMH

past medical history

R/O

rule out

ROS

review of symptoms

TPR

temperature, pulse, respiration