flashcards

Arab-Israeli War

Another name for the 1948 War of Independence that led to the establishment of the State of Israel.

Amritsar Massacre

The event in 1919 where British troops killed hundreds of unarmed Indian civilians.

Anwar Sadat

Egyptian president who signed the Camp David Accords with Israel.

Apartheid

A system of racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa.

Assad Family

The ruling family of Syria.

Aung San Suu Kyi

Burmese politician and Nobel laureate.

Ayatollah Khomeini

Iranian religious leader and founder of the Islamic Republic.

Balfour Declaration

British statement supporting the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

Bangladesh

A country in South Asia, formerly known as East Pakistan.

Gaza Strip

Palestinian territory controlled by Hamas.

Golan Heights

Disputed territory between Israel and Syria.

Indian Partition

The division of British India into India and Pakistan in 1947.

Iranian Hostage Crisis

The situation where American diplomats were held hostage in Iran from 1979 to 1981.

Iranian Revolution

The overthrow of the Shah of Iran in 1979.

Jerusalem

A city of religious significance to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Mandate of Lebanon

The French mandate established in the region after World War I.

Mandate of Mesopotamia

The British mandate established after World War I, now known as Iraq.

Mandate of Palestine

The British mandate established after World War I.

Mandate of Syria

The French mandate established in the region after World War I.

Mandate of Transjordan

The British mandate established after World War I, now known as Jordan.

Mau Mau Rebellion

The Kenyan revolt against British colonial rule.

Mohammad Mosaddegh

Iranian prime minister who was overthrown in a coup in 1953.

Mohandas Gandhi

Leader of the Indian independence movement.

Negritude Movement

A literary and ideological movement celebrating black identity.

Nelson Mandela

Anti-apartheid revolutionary and former President of South Africa.

Operation Eagle Claw

Failed U.S. military operation to rescue hostages in Iran.

Ottoman Empire

A former empire that controlled much of the Middle East and North Africa.

Pakistan

A country in South Asia, created during the Indian Partition.

Pan Africanism

A movement promoting the unity of African people.

Pan Arabism

An ideology promoting the unity of Arab countries.

Patrice Lumumba

First Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

PLO

Palestine Liberation Organization.

Qatar

A country in the Middle East known for its natural gas reserves.

Rowlatt Acts

British laws that allowed for the arrest and detention of Indian nationalists.

Saddam Hussein

Former President of Iraq.

Salt March

An act of civil disobedience led by Gandhi to protest the British salt monopoly.

Saudi Arabia

A country in the Middle East, home to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina.

Shah of Iran

The title of the former rulers of Iran.

Sharpsville

The site of a massacre of peaceful protestors during apartheid in South Africa.

Sinai Peninsula

A peninsula in Egypt, site of several conflicts between Egypt and Israel.

Suez Canal

A waterway connecting the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.

Sykes-Picot Agreement

A secret agreement between Britain and France to divide the Ottoman Empire after World War I.

Temple Mount

A holy site in Jerusalem for Jews, Christians, and Muslims.

Theocracy

A government ruled by religious leaders.

Third Way

A political ideology that seeks to balance left- and right-wing policies.

Turkey

A country in the Middle East and Europe, formerly the center of the Ottoman Empire.

UAE

United Arab Emirates, a country in the Middle East.

West Bank

Palestinian territory occupied by Israel.

Zionism

A movement supporting the establishment and development of a Jewish state in Israel.