cubital fossa and forearm

what is the humeroulnar joint?

articulation between the trochlea of humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna

what is the humeroradial joint?

articulation between the capitulum of the humerus and head of the radius

what is the radioulnar joint?

articulation between radius and ulna

what is flexion of the elbow?

movement of forearm to shoulder by bending the elbow

what is extension of the elbow?

straightening the elbow

what is pronation?

turning the forearm so that the palm is down

what is supination?

turning the forearm so the palm is up

what is the carrying angle?

angle formed between the humerus and the forearm.

what is the cubital tunnel?

a space through which the ulnar nerve passes posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus

what is the floor of the cubital tunnel?

posterior band of UCL, joint capsule, and posterior condylar groove

what is the roof of the cubital tunnel?

cubital tunnel retinaculum

what is the cubital fossa?

triangular depression anterior to elbow joint

what is the superior border of the cubital fossa?

line between medial and lateral epicondyles

what is the medial border of the cubital fossa?

pronator teres muscle

what is the lateral border of the cubital fossa?

brachioradialis muscle

what is the roof of the cubital fossa?

bicipital aponeurosis and antebrachial fascial

what is the floor of the cubital fossa?

brachialis and supinator muscles

what are the superficial veins in the cubital fossa?

cephalic, basilic, and median cubital

what is cutaneous nerves?

lateral antebrachial cutaneous and medial antebrachial cutaneous

what is median cubital vein important for?

the common site for IVs

what are the muscles in the cubital fossa?

brachialis, supinator, brachioradialis, biceps brachii tendon, pronator teres

what are the nerves in nerves in the cubital fossa?

median nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, and radial nerve

what are arteries are in the cubital fossa?

brachial, ulnar, and radial arteries

what are the compartments of the forearm?

anterior and posterior

what muscles are in the superficial layer of the anterior forearm?

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, and flexor carpi ulnaris

what muscle is in the intermediate layer of the anterior forearm?

flexor digitorum superficialis

what muscle is in the deep layer of the anterior forearm?

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, and pronator quadraus

where do all the muscles in the superficial layer of the anterior forearm proximally attach?

medial epicondyle

where does the pronator teres attach distally?

to shaft of radius

what is the function of pronator teres?

pronates forearm

what innervates the pronator teres?

median nerve

where does the flexor carpi radialis attach distally?

to the lateral carpal bones

what is the function of flexor carpi radialis?

flexes and abducts wrist(radial deviation)

what is the innervation of flexor carpi radialis?

median nerve

where does the palmaris longus attach distally?

to palmar aponeurosis

what is the function of palmaris longus?

flexes wrist

what innervates flexor carpi ulnaris?

ulnar nerve

what is the function of flexor carpi ulnaris?

flexes and adducts wrist(ulnar deviation)

where does the flexor carpi ulnaris attach distally?

pisiform and hook of hamate

where does the flexor digitorum superficialis attach?

proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus

distal: 4 tendons to middle phalanges of digits 2-5

what is the function of flexor digitorum superficialis?

flexes wrist, flexes digits 2-5 at MP and PIP joints

where does the flexor digitorum profundus attach?

proximal: proximal ulna

distal: distal phalanges of digits 2-5

what is the function of flexor digitorum profundus attach?

flexes wrist and flexes digits 2-5 at MP, PIP, and DIP joints

what is the innervation of flexor digitorum profundus?

median nerve to digits 2 and 3. lateral nerve to digits 4 and 5

what is the innervation of flexor pollicis longus?

median nerve

where does the flexor pollicis longus attach?

base of distal phalanx of thumb

what is the function of flexor pollicis longus?

flexes thumb at MP and IP joints

what is the innervation of pronator quadratus?

median nerve

where does pronator quadratus attach?

distal ulna to distal radius

what is the function of pronator quadratus?

pronates forearm

what is the strongest muscle in the forearm?

pronator quadratus

what are the compartments of the posterior forearm?

lateral, superficial, and deep

what are the muscles in the lateral posterior arm compartment?

extensor carpi radialis longus and brachioradialis

what muscles are in the superficial layer of the posterior forearm?

extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, and extensor carpi ulnaris

what are the muscles in the deep layer of the posterior forearm?

supinator, extensor indicis, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and extensor pollicis longus

what is the proximal attachment of the lateral muscles in the posterior forearm?

lateral epicondyle

where does the brachioradialis attach distally?

distal radius

what is the innervation of brachioradialis?

radial nerve

what is the function of the brachioradialis?

flexes forearm

what is the function of extensor carpi radialis longus?

extends and abducts wrist

where does the common extensors attach proximally?

lateral epicondyle

what is the function of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

extend and abduct wrist

what innervates the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

radial nerve

what is the distal attachment of extensor digitorum?

4 tendons to extensor expansion of digits 2-5

what is the function of extensor digitorum?

extends fingers and the wrist

what is the innervation of extensor digitorum?

radial nerve

where does the extensor digiti minimi attach distally?

extensor expansion of the 5th digit

what is the function of extensor digiti minimi?

extends 5th digit

what innervates the extensor digiti minimi?

radial nerve

what is the function of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

extend and adduct wrist

what innervates of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

radial nerve

what is the function of the supinator?

supinates forearm

what innervates the supinator?

radial nerve

what is the function of extensor indicis?

extends index finger and wrist

where does the extensor indicis attach distally?

extensor expansion of the 2nd digit

what innervates the extensor indicis?

radial nerve

what is the function of abductor pollicis longus?

abducts and extends thumb

what innervates the abductor pollicis longus?

radial nerve

what is the function of the extensor pollicis brevis?

extends the thumb

what innervates the extensor pollicis brevis?

radial nerve

what is the function of extensor pollicis longus?

extends thumb

what innervates extensor pollicis longus?

radial nerve