Medical Terms - Chap 4-5

Circulatory system

Consists of the cardiovascular system, heart and blood vessels, and the lymphatic system. The circulatory system helps maintain homeostasis.

angi(o), vas(o), vascul(o)

vessel

aort(o)

aorta

arter(o), arteri(o)

artery

arterio(o)

arteriole

cardi(o)

heart

phleb(o), ven(i), ven(o)

vein

venul(o)

venule

endocardi(o)

endocardium

myocardi(o)

myocardium

pericardi(o)

pericardium

arti(o)

atrium

coron(o)

crown

ox(i)

oxygen

thorac(o), steth(o)

chest

arteries

carry oxygen-rich blood to body tissues

veins

carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart

Relationship of Blood Flow

arteries → arterioles → arterial capillaries → tissue cells → venous capillaries → venules →veins → venae cavae

valvula

certain small valves in the body

de-

down, from, or reversing

-stenosis

narrowing, stricture

The organs of respiration

nose → nasal cavity → nasopharynx → oropharynx → laryngopharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli → lung capillaries

Hypertension (HTN)

increased blood pressure

Hypotension

decreased blood pressure

bradycardia

decreased pulse rate (less than 60 beats per min)

hypercholesterolemia

increased blood cholesterol level

hyperlipidemia

increased lipids in the blood

doppler ultrasonography

a noninvasive procedure using ultrasonic waves

echocardiography

monitors the blood flow through the heart or blood vessels