ARCH 2283 TEST II

What building

Chateau of Vaux le Vicomte, Vaux le Vicomte, France, 17th century, Archi: Louis Le Vau, Garden Archi: André Le Nôtre, Painter: Charles Le Brun, Client: Nicholas Fouquet Minister of Finance

What movie was filmed in Vaux le Vicomte

Man in the Iron Mask

Oval Salon material (Vaux le Vicomte)

Cladded stone

Oval Salon components

Corinthian columns on bottom floor, terms, door windows, fresco on dome

What are Terms in the Oval Salon

Sculptures in place of corinthian columns on the superimposed story

What is a Parterre

Formal low garden design with patterns

What did the Parterres look like

Embroidery

What large body ends the garden and creates a long (Vaux le Vicomte)

A canal that interrupts the axis at the end to fool the viewer that the garden continues

What happened after the Prime Minister died

Colbert implied that Fouquet was embezzling Royal Treasury and he was arrested for treason and sent to solitary confinement

What building

"Original" Chateau of Versailles, Versailles, France, 17th century

What was the Original Chateau for

Louis XIII for hunting

What building

"Envelope" Chateau of Versailles, Versailles, France, 17th century

Who was the architect for the Envelope

Louis Le Vau

Who was the architect for the North & South wings, Stables, etc

Jules Hardouin-Mansart

Who was the painter/decorator

Charles Le Brun

Who was the garden architect

André le Nôtre

What remains of the original Chateau

The Marble Court

Who was allowed in The Marble Court

Royal Family

Original Chateau matieral/components

Red brick, doric pilasters, mansard roof

What "type" of archi is the original Chateau

17th century French architecture

Why was the original Chateau kept

A sign of respect for Louis XIII

What did the envelope consist of and who designed it

Louis Le Vau designed king and queens apartment and a terrace that connected them

What event was a precursor to Louis XIV expanding the Chateau of Versailles again and by how much

They won a war against the Netherlands and he tripled the size

Who were the expansions for the Chateau of Versailles done by

Jules Hardouin-Mansasrt

What did the garden front of the Chateau of Versailles consist of

Rustication on the "basement" with no orders, ionic columns on the "first floor," fake windows on the atticstory, flat looking roof hidden by balustrade

What was the style of the garden front of the Chateau of Versailles

Baroque

Where is stairway of ambassadors

The entrance to the kings side

Why was the Stairway of Ambassadors demolished

The skylight kept leaking

Salon of Venus materials

Marble veneer on walls, paintings, relief sculptures, niches, quadratura ceilings

What are quadratura ceilings

Italian baroque ceiling painting technique

Chateau of Versailles furniture

Made of full silver and melted for war

What was the silver furniture replaced with

Elaborately carved wood furniture

What were the apartments named after in the Chateau of Versailles

Planetary gods

Salon of War

Salon de Guerre

What was the Salon de Guerre

Last room and faced the gardens

What was the portrait of Louis XIV depicting him as

Roman general with personifications of victory

Material of Louis XIV portrait in the Salon de Guerre

Plaster

What did the portrait of Louis XIV render unusable

Fireplace

What made the Chateau of Versailles uncomfortable

It was extremely cold

Hall of Mirrors intended purposes

Family portraits, walking when the gardens were too cold

What was the Hall of Mirrors made up of

17 arched windows outlooking the garden and arched mirrors parallel to each

What was the ceiling of the Hall of Mirrors like

Painting filled barrel vaults

What was planned to be painted on the barrel vaults of the Hall of Mirrors and what was painted instead

Story of Hercules and life of Louis XIV instead

Hall of Mirrors floor material

Wood

What made up the Gardens of the Chateau of Versailles

Parcels

What did each Parcel have in the center

Fountains or statues

What did the Gardens of the Chateau of Versailles have that was uncommon for cold climates

Orange trees

What was on the North of the Canal of the Chateau of Versailles

Flower gardens

What was on the south of the Canal of the Chateau of Versailles

A zoo

What fountain is closest to the Chateau of Versailles before the Canal

Latona fountain

What does the Lotona fountain represent

Latonal represents Louis's mother, Apollo represents Louis, frogs represent rebellious nobles

What fountain was at the end of the Canal of the Chateau of Versailles

Apollo pulling his chariot

Inigo Jones original profession

Set maker for masques

What is a Masque

Like a 沉浸式剧场 (Immersive theater)

Where did Inigo Jones go

Italy where Paladio worked

What did Inigo Jones read

4 Books of Architecture

Why did Inigo Jones become interested in archi

Set designing

What did Inigo Jones bring back to England

Renaissance and Baroque

What building

Banqueting House, London, England, 17th century, Inigo Jones

Banqueting House clients

King James I and Charles I

Who were the Banqueting Hall ceiling paintings by

Peter Paul Rubens

Banqueting House components

Rustication, Ionic engaged columns at the bottom, Corinthian engaged columns on second story, pilasters at ends, entablature, balustrade

What was the Banqueting House originally designed with

Pediment over center three bays

Interior of Banqueting House

Engaged ionic columns, corinthian pilasters on top, musicians balcony on one end, kings throne on other, compartmented ceilings

Why did the paintings have to be trimmed for the compartmented ceilings in the Banqueting House

Belgian ft were bigger than English

What did the paintings in the Banqueting hall depict

"Apotheosis of King James I" life of King James I as memorial

What does Apotheosis mean

Becoming a god after death

Why were the redesigns of the Whitehall Palace never built

King didn't have money and civil war broke out

What building

St. Paul's Cathedral, London, England, 17th century, Christopher Wren

Christopher Wren original profession

Astronomer and Oxford professor

What did Christopher Wren become

Sir Christopher Wren

Where did Christopher Wren go to and try to do

Paris and he "tried to bring Paris to England on paper"

Who did Wren meet in Paris

Bernini

What happened in London in 1666 and what was Wren tasked with

London burned down, redesign 50 churches

What was the first St Pauls Cathedral plan called

Greek cross plan

What was at the center of the greek cross plan for St Pauls Cathedral

8 large piers with a dome

What made the church officials agree to rebuilding St Pauls Cathedral

A stone fell right in front of them

What style was the original St Pauls Cathedral built in

Gothic and a bit of romanesque

What came after the greek cross plan and why: St Pauls

Great model plan, the church was used to longer nave

Why was it called the great model plan

A giant wooden model was made

Why was the Great Model Plan disapproved

It wasn't "cathedral enough"

What does "not cathedral enough mean"

Less baroque and more gothic with long nave and towers

What was the final design plan of St. Paul's called

Warrant design

How did St. Paul's get it's final plan name

It was warranted by the king

Who warranted the Warrant Plan for St. Pauls

King Charles II

Why does St. Paul's not look like the Warrant design

Wren made changes during construction

Why were the windows "fake" on the second story of St. Paul's facade

To hide the flying buttresses

What did the dome on St. Paul's look like

Drum with corinthian columns, lantern

What made the dome on St. Paul's special

3 layers: inner dome, cautionary curved cone, and exterior dome

Dome on St. Paul's material

Stone lantern, wooden outer dome, brick cone, brick inner dome

What is special about the walls below the dome in St. Paul's

The walls are slightly curved to dissipate weight

Ceilings of St. Pauls components

Vaults on pendentives

Where is the dome located and what holds it up St. Paul's

Crossing, 8 piers

What did the choir of St. Pauls have

Carved wooden booths for the clergy

What style were the two towers on St. Paul's

Mostly baroque

Components of front facade of St. Paul's

Double corinthian columns, second story, pediment, two towers

What was underneath St. Pauls and purpose

Cript, basement for vip to be buried

Who was buried under St. Paul's

Lord Nelson, Christopher Wren

What did St. Pauls survive

German Blitzkrieg of WWII

Why did St. Paul's survive the Blitzkrieg

Winston Churchill commanded firefighters to be stationed near