PHR912 Carbohydrate Metabolism

What is the enzyme that breaks down starch to oligosaccharides?

a-amylase

Beta-Anomer:

Configuration of the chiral centers are the same

Alpha-anomer:

Configuration of the chiral centers are different

are 1,4 linkages reducing or non-reducing?

Reducing

Are 1,1 and 1,2 linkages reducing or non-reducing?

Non-reducing

What is amylopectin?

A soluble starch

Are soluble starches branched or unbranched?

Branched by an alpha-1,6 linkage

What is amylose?

An insoluble starch

Are insoluble starches branched or unbranched?

Unbranched with alpha-1,4 linkage

What does alpha-amylase do?

An endoglycosidase on internal 1-4-alpha-glycosidic bonds

Where does alpha-amylase appear and what does it create?

Creates di- or trisaccharides

Produced by the pancreas and also appears in the saliva

Pancreatic issues from alcoholism can affect what?

Starch breakdown

What does an endo-glycoside break?

Breaks 1-4 glycosidic bonds

Monosaccharide examples?

Glucose

Gructose

What is sucrose?

Glucose + Gructose linked at the 1 and 2 carbons

Invert Sugar:

Mixture of glucose and fructose from sucrose hydrolysis

Examples of sugar substitud