Basics of Pharmacology

These flashcards cover the fundamental concepts and vocabulary from the pharmacology lecture.

Pharmacology

The study of drugs, including their origin, properties, and interactions with living organisms.

Adsorption

A in ADME

Distribution

D in ADME

Metabolism

M in ADME

Elimination

E in ADME

Naloxone

N in navel

Atropine

A in navel

Vasopressin

V in navel

Epinephrine

E in navel

Lidocaine

L in navel

ADME

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination

Navel

Naloxone, atropine, vasopressin, epinephrine, lidocaine

Endotracheal tube

Can be used to administer meds during an emergency if un IV/IO is unavailable

Dosage of drugs given in an ET tube

2-2.5 times the normal dose followed by 10ml saline flush

Bolus injection

Rapid push of drugs

Slowest absorption time

Oral route

Requires smaller doses

Inhalation

More systemic side effects

Parental route

Intramuscular and subcutaneous

Slower to absorb and distribute resulting in greater onset time

Children and non compliant patients

Oral medicine is given to these patients

Greater side effects, metabolized systemically

Oral meds

Adrenergic

Stimulates receptors responding to non-epinephrine/ epinephrine

Anti-adrenergic

Block receptors from responding to norepinephine/epinephrine

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Neurotransmitters of the SNS

Neurotransmitters

Key that holds the message

Receptor

Lock that will receive the message

Vasopressin

Example of alpha(1) receptors

Location of alpha(1) receptors

Located in heart, lungs, and vasculature

Stimulated alpha(1) receptors

Will cause vasoconstriction, and increased HR

Beta anti adrenergic meds (beta blockers)

Blocks the effects of epinephrine and non epinephrine

Results of beta blockers

Reduces HR and BP

Result of beta anti adrenergic meds

Primary treatment for hypertension

Locations of beta 2 receptors

Lungs, pancreas, liver, intestines, arteriolar smooth muscle

Beta blocker drugs

Your ‘lol’ drugs: atenolol, metoprolol, laletolol

A stimulated beta 2 receptor

Causes relaxation, vasodilation and bronchodilation

Location of beta 1 receptor

Heart and kidneys

Stimulated beta I receptor

Will cause constriction/contraction. Thus increasing HR and increasing myocardial contractility

Zosin drugs

Alpha anti - adrenorgic meds

Alpha anti-adrenergic meds

Reduce anterior resistance and produces vasodilation (lowers BP)

Muscurinic receptors

Located in airways

MI and M3

When stimulated causes the airway to constrict

Anticholinergic medications

Will block stimulation of M1 and M3. This will result in bronchodialiation

Cholinergic pathway

Under the PSN. Uses acetylcholine as it's neurotransmitter

Generic Name

The official non-proprietary name of a drug, as opposed to its brand name.

Brand Name

The trademarked name given to a drug by its manufacturer.

Dosage

The amount and frequency of a medication prescribed to a patient.

Two Identifiers

The verification process for patient identity, typically requiring the patient's full name and date of birth.

Albuterol

A medication commonly prescribed for asthma that acts as a bronchodilator.

Pharmacokinetics

The branch of pharmacology concerned with the movement of drugs within the body.

Pharmacodynamics

The study of the physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action.

Agonist

A substance that stimulates a receptor to produce a biological response.

Antagonist

A substance that blocks or inhibits a receptor's biological response.

Lock and Key Theory

A model explaining how neurotransmitters and drugs bind to specific receptors.

Inhalation Route

A method of drug administration that delivers medication directly to the lungs.

Parenteral Route

A method of administering drugs via injection, which includes subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous routes.

Beta blockers

Medications that block the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine, often used to treat high blood pressure.

Anticholinergic

Drugs that block the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, causing bronchodilation.