CC1 LAWS

Provides for a comprehensive air quality management policy and program which aims to achieve and maintain healthy air for all Filipinos.

Republic Act (RA) 8749: Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1999

The ____, upon recommendation of the EMB, will divide the country into different airsheds.

DENR Secretary

___ are to be designated \n based on climate, weather, meteorology, and topology, which affect \n the mixture and diffusion of pollutants in the air, share common \n interests or face similar development problems. These will be \n managed by multi-sectoral Governing Boards chaired by the DENR \n Secretary with representatives from concerned government \n agencies, the private sector, NGOs and LGUs.

Airsheds

The Clean Air Act covers all potential sources of air pollution, to wit:

(1) Mobile Sources (eg. motor vehicles); (2) Point or Stationary \n Sources (eg. industrial plants); and \n (3) Area Sources (eg. wood or \n coal burning

Smoke belching vehicles on the road will undergo emission testing. \n Violators will be subject to the following fines/penalties:

1st Offense P 1,000.00 \n 2nd Offense P 3,000.00 \n 3rd Offense P 5,000.00 plus a seminar on pollutionmanagement.

A business firm is fined of not \n more than P100,000 for every day of violation until such time that \n standards are met or imprisonment of not less than ___ but not \n more than ___ upon the discretion of the court

6 years but not more than 10 years

Stationary sources must comply with the ___ and __ and must secure their \n permit to operate, prior to operation.

National Emission \n Standards for Source Specific Air Pollutants (NESSAP) , National \n Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

The ____ adjudicates all environmental cases.

Pollution \n Adjudication Board (PAB)

A number used by government agencies to communicate to the public how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to become \n \n 0-50 Good \n 51 - 100 Moderate \n 101 - 150 Unhealthy for sensitive groups \n 151 - 200 Unhealthy \n 201 - 300 Very unhealthy \n 301 - 500 Hazardous

Air quality index

Particles < 2.5 micrometers in diameter can be inhaled and can only be seen with a microscope

Fine particles

A harmful substance in the air,water, or soil that can adverse effect on human ecosystem

Pollutants

Republic Act No. 8749 was signed by Joseph Estrada on

June 23, 1999

means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the atmospheric air, or any discharge thereto of any liquid, gaseous or solid substances that will or is likely to create or to render the air resources of the country harmful, detrimental, or injurious to public health, safety or welfare or which will adversely affect their utilization for domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or other legitimate purposes;

air pollution

mean the concentration of air over specified periods classified as short-term and long-term which are intended to serve as goals or objectives for the protection of health and/or public welfare.

"*Ambient air quality guideline values*

 the general amount of pollution present in a broad area;

Ambient air quality

means a certificate issued by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources to a vehicle manufacturer/assembler or importer certifying that a particular new vehicle or vehicle type meets the requirements provided under this Act and its rules and regulations;

Certificate of Conformity

means the geographic-based instrument for planners and decision-makers which present an evaluation of the environmental quality and carrying capacity of an area

Eco-profile

means any air contaminant, pollutant, gas stream or unwanted sound from a known source which is passed into the atmosphere;

emission

mean those substances which present either: (1) short-term acute hazards such as acute toxicity by ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption, corrosivity or other skin or eye contact hazard or the risk of fire explosion; or (2) longterm toxicity upon repeated exposure, carcinogenicity (which in some cases result in acute exposure but with a long latent period)

Hazardous substances

means that portion of medical waste that could transmit an infectious disease;

Infectious waste

means the materials generated as a result of patient diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals

medical waste

means any vehicle propelled by or through combustion of carbon-based or other fuel

Mobile source

means any vehicle propelled by a gasoline or diesel engine or by any means other than human or animal power, constructed and operated principally for the conveyance of persons or the transportation of property or goods in a public highway or street open to public use;

Motor vehicle

 means the waste materials generated from communities within a specific locality;

Municipal waste

means a vehicle constructed entirely from new parts that has never been sold or registered with the DOTC or with the appropriate agency or authority, and operated on the highways of the Philippines, any foreign state or country;

new vehicle

 means the rating of the anti-knock characteristics of a grade or type of automotive gasoline as determined by dividing by two (2) the sum of the Research Octane Number (RON), plus the Motor Octane Number (MON); the octane requirement, with respect to automotive gasoline for use in a motor vehicle

Octane Rating or the Anti-Knock Index(AKI)

means those substances that significantly deplete or otherwise modify the ozone layer in a manner that is likely to result in adverse effects of human health

*Ozone Depleting Substances* (ODS)

eans the organic compounds that persist in the environment, bioaccumulate through the food web, and pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. 

*Persistent Organic Pollutants* (POPs)

 means any emissions and fumes which are beyond internationally - accepted standards, including but not limited to the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline values;

"*Poisonous and toxic fumes*

means any device or apparatus used to prevent, control or abate the pollution of air caused by emissions from identified pollution sources at levels within the air pollution control standards established by the Department;

Pollution control device

means the pollution control devices, production process, fuel combustion processes or other means that effectively prevent or reduce emissions or effluen

Pollution control technology

means a standard for emissions of air pollutant which reflects the degree of emission limitation achievable through the application of the best system of emission reduction, taking into account the cost of achieving such reduction and any non-air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirement which the Department determines, and adequately demonstrates; and

Standard of performance

means any building or immobile structure, facility or installation which emits or may emit any air pollutant.

Stationary source

means a layer of water-bearing rock located underground that transmits water in sufficient quantity to supply pumping wells or natural springs.

Aquifer

means all organisms living in freshwater, brackish and marine environments.

aquatic life

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 (RA 9275)

When did Pres. Glora Arroyo sign RA 9275

March 22, 2004

means the use of the environment or any element or segment thereof conducive to public or private welfare, safety and health; and shall include, but not be limited to, the use of water for domestic, municipal, irrigation, power generation, fisheries, livestock raising, industrial, recreational and other purposes.

beneficial use

means the utilization of water for drinking, washing, bathing, cooking or other household needs, home gardens and watering of lawns or domestic animals;

Use of water for domestic purposes

means the utilization of water for supplying water requirements of the community;

Use of water for municipal purposes

means the utilization of water for producing agricultural crops;

Use of water for irrigation

means the utilization of water for producing electrical or mechanical power;

Use of water for power generation

 means the utilization of water for the propagation of culture of fish as a commercial enterprise;

Use of water for fisheries

means the utilization of water for large herds or flocks of animals raised as a commercial enterprise;

Use of water for livestock raising

means the utilization of water in factories, industrial plants and mines, including the use of water as an ingredient of a finished product; and

*Use of water for industrial purposes* 

means the utilization of water for swimming pools, bath houses, boating, water skiing, golf courses and other similar facilities in resorts and other places of recreation.

Use of water for recreational purposes

means the categorization of all water bodies taking into account, among others, the following: (1) existing quality of the body of water; (2) size, depth, surface area covered, volume, direction, rate of flow and gradient of stream; (3) most beneficial existing and future use of said bodies of water and lands bordering them, such as for residential, agricultural, aquacultural, commercial, industrial, navigational, recreational, wildlife conservation and aesthetic purposes; and (4) vulnerability of surface and groundwater to contamination from pollutive and hazardous wastes, agricultural chemicals and underground storage tanks of petroleum products.

Classification/Reclassification of Philippine Waters

means non-government organizations (NGOs) and people’s organizations (POs).

Civil Society

eans the application of an integrated, preventive environmental strategy to processes, products, services to increase efficiency and reduce risks to humans and the environment.

 *Cleaner production*

means activities involving the removal of pollutants discharged or spilled into a water body and its surrounding areas, and the restoration of the affected areas to their former physical, chemical and biological state or conditions.

Clean-up operations

means the introduction of substances not found in the natural composition of water that make the water less desirable or unfit for intended use.

Contamination

includes, but is not limited to, the act of spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, releasing or dumping of any material into a water body or onto land from which it might flow or drain into said water.

Discharge

means water intended for human consumption or for use in food preparation.

drinking water

means any unauthorized or illegal disposal into any body of water or land of wastes or toxic or hazardous material: *Provided*, That it does not mean a release of effluent coming from commercial, industrial, and domestic sources which are within the effluent standards.

dumping

means discharges from known source which is passed into a body of water or land, or wastewater flowing out of a manufacturing plant, industrial plant including domestic, commercial and recreational facilities.

Effluent

means any legal restriction or limitation on quantities, rates, and/or concentrations or any combination thereof, of physical, chemical or biological parameters of effluent which a person or point source is allowed to discharge into a body of water or land.

Effluent standard

means the entire system which includes, but is not limited to, conservation, regulation and minimization of pollution, clean production, waste management, environmental law and policy, environmental education and information, study and mitigation of the environmental impacts of human activity, and environmental research.

Environmental management

means the part of the overall management system that includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the environmental policy

Environmental management system

means water containing less than 500 ppm dissolved common salt, sodium chloride, such as that in groundwater, rivers, ponds and lakes.

 Freshwater

means a subsurface water that occurs beneath a water table in soils and rocks, or in geological formations.

groundwater

means relative ease with which a contaminant located at or near the land surface can migrate to the aquifer or deep well.

Groundwater vulnerability

means the identified areas of the land surface where groundwater quality is most at risk from human activities and shall reflect the different degrees of groundwater vulnerability based on a range of soil properties and hydrogeological criteria to serve as guide in the protection of the groundwater from contamination.

Groundwater vulnerability map

means any waste or combination of wastes of solid, liquid, contained gaseous, or semi-solid form which cause, or contribute to, an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible, or incapacitating reversible illness, taking into account toxicity of such waste, its persistence and degradability in nature, its potential for accumulation or concentration in tissue, and other factors that may otherwise cause or contribute to adverse acute or chronic effects on the health of persons or organism.

Hazardous waste

means any solid, semi-solid or liquid waste material with no commercial value released by a manufacturing or processing plant other than excluded material.

Industrial waste

means the policy guideline integrating all the existing frameworks prepared by all government agencies on water quality involving pollution from all sources. Specifically, the framework shall contain the following: (a) water quality goals and targets; (b) period of compliance; (c) water pollution control strategies and techniques; (d) water quality information and education program; and (e) human resources development program.

Integrated Water Quality Management Framework

means a landward and outer limiting edge adjacent to the border of any water bodies or a limit beyond where saturation zone ceases to exist.

Margin

means a report to be prepared by the Department indicating: (a) the location of water bodies, their water quality, taking into account seasonal, tidal and other variations, existing and potential uses and sources of pollution per specific pollutant and pollution load assessment; (b) water quality management areas pursuant to Section 5 of this Act; and (c) water classification.

National Water Quality Status Report

means any source of pollution not identifiable as point source to include, but not be limited to, run-off from irrigation or rainwater which picks up pollutants from farms and urban areas.

 *Non point source*

means any identifiable source of pollution with specific point of discharge into a particular water body.

point source

includes isolation wastes, infectious agents, human blood and blood products, pathological wastes, sharps, body parts, contaminated bedding, surgical wastes, and other disposable medical equipment and material that may pose a risk to the public health, welfare or the marine environment.

Potentially infectious medical waste

means water-borne human or animal wastes, excluding oil or oil wastes, removed from residences, buildings, institutions, industrial and commercial establishments together with such groundwater, surface water and storm water as may be present including such waste from vessels, offshore structures, other receptacles intended to receive or retain wastes, or other places or the combination thereof.

sewage

ncludes, but is not limited to, any system or network of pipelines, ditches, channels, or conduits including pumping stations, lift stations and force mains

sewerage

means any solid, semi-solid or liquid waste or residue generated from a wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or water control pollution facility

Sludge

means all water which is open to the atmosphere and subject to surface run-off.

Surface water

means any method, technique, or process designed to alter the physical, chemical or biological and radiological character or composition of any waste or wastewater to reduce or prevent pollution.

treatment

means the lowest amount of concentration of toxic pollutants which may cause chronic or long-term acute or lethal conditions or effects to the aquatic life or health of persons or which may adversely affect designated water uses.

Toxic amount

means any material either solid, liquid, semi-solid, contained gas or other forms resulting from industrial, commercial, mining or agricultural operations, or from community and household activities that is devoid of usage and discarded.

waste

means waste in liquid state containing pollutants.

Wastewater

means both natural and man-made bodies of fresh, brackish, and saline waters, and includes, but is not limited to, aquifers, groundwater, springs, creeks, streams, rivers, ponds, lagoons, water reservoirs, lakes, bays, estuarine, coastal and marine waters.

water body

means any alteration of the physical, chemical or biological or radiological properties of a water body resulting in the impairment of its purity or quality.

water pollution

includes, but not be limited to, the following: (a) goals and targets including sewerage or septage program; (b) schedule of compliance to meet the applicable requirements of this Act; (c) water pollution control strategies or techniques; (d) water quality information and education program; (e) resource requirement and possible sources; (f) enforcement procedures of the plan; and (g) rewards and incentives under Chapter 4 of this Act.

Water Quality Management Area Action Plan

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR AN ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, CREATING THE NECESSARY INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES, DECLARING CERTAIN ACTS PROHIBITED AND PROVIDING PENALTIES, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

waste generated from planting or harvesting of crops, trimming or pruning of plants and wastes or run-off materials from farms or fields

Agricultural waste

waste materials which cannot be appropriately placed in separate containers because of either its bulky size, shape or other physical attributes. These include large worn-out or broken household, commercial, and industrial items such as furniture, lamps, bookcases, filing cabinets, and other similar items

BULKY WASTE

Bureau

the Environmental Management Bureau

a recycling center that purchases of otherwise accepts recyclable materials from the public for the purpose of recycling such materials

Buy-back center

the act of removing solid waste from the source or from a communal storage point

Collection

the controlled decomposition of organic matter by micro-organisms, mainly bacteria and fungi, into a humus-like product

Composting

special waste that includes worn-out, broken, and other discarded items such as radios, stereos, and TV sets

Consumer electronics

a disposal site at which solid waste is deposited in accordance with the minimum prescribed standards of site operation

Controlled dump

the discharge, deposit, dumping, spilling, leaking or placing of any solid waste into or in an land

Disposal

a site where solid waste is finally discharged and deposited

Disposal site

the systematic administration of activities which provide for segregation at source, segregated transportation, storage, transfer, processing, treatment, and disposal of solid waste and all other waste management activities which do not harm the environment

Ecological solid waste management

the quality of being re-usable, biodegradable or compostable, recyclable and not toxic or hazardous to the environment

Environmentally acceptable

the act or process of producing solid waste

Generation

a person, natural or juridical, who last uses a material and makes it available for disposal or recycling

Generator

solid waste management or combination of solid waste which because of its quantity, concentration or physical, chemical or infectious characteristics may cause, or significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible, or incapacitating reversible, illness or pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported, or disposed of, or otherwise managed

Hazardous waste

the liquid produced when waste undergo decomposition, and when water percolate through solid waste undergoing decomposition. It is contaminated liquid that contains dissolved and suspended materials

Leachate

a solid waste transfer station or sorting station, drop-off center, a composting facility, and a recycling facility

Materials recovery facility

wastes produced from activities within local government units which include a combination of domestic, commercial, institutional and industrial wastes and street litters

Municipal waste