#justiceforjp

wastes, blood

Kidneys filter out \______ from the \______.

every

Do wastes come from blood cells or every cell in the body. (answer "blood" or "every")

filtering

Nephrons perform the blood \______ process.

true

True or False; nephrons produce the urine.

cortex

The \______ contains the filtering units of the kidney. (the answer is not nephron)

pyramids

The medulla contains \______ and calyxes that drain urine.

renal pelvis

The \______ \______ collects the urine before it is transported to the ureter.

ureter

The \______ connects the kidney to the bladder.

vein

The renal \______ returns filtered blood to the heart.

ureter, urethra

The 4 parts are the kidney, ______, bladder, and ______.

6

The average adult produces \__ cups of urine a day.

1

There are \__ million nephrons in the kidney.

false

True or false; although the kidneys are filled with blood, they maintain a greyish-blue color due to the thick walls.

pyramids, calyxes

Medulla=______+______.

bladder, urine

The \______ is a sac-like organ that stores \______ until it can be disposed of.

urethra

The \______ is a tube like structure that transports the urine out of the body.

2

The bladder can hold \__ cups of urine.

smooth

The bladder is surrounded by \______ muscle.

sphincter

Which muscle keeps the urine in the bladder until it is expelled?

arteries

The renal \______ transport blood to the kidneys.

waste, water

Kidneys filter \______ from \______ and other nutrients in the blood.

water, nutrients, bloodstream

Homeostasis is the reabsorption of \______ and other \______ into the \______.

b

Which of the following statements are true: A) Sweating cools you off by releasing extra, thermalizing water; or B) Evaporation of sweat from your skin cools you off.

4, 425

Every \__ minutes you filter 1 gallon of blood. That is equal to around \__ gallons a day.

5, 327

The average amount of blood in a grown adult \__ liters, which means your blood will be cleaned \___ times a day.

bladder

The \______ stores urine until it can be expelled from the body.

nerve, wall

\______ endings in the bladder's \______ send impulses to the brain, alerting that the bladder is full.

contract, relaxes

When urinating, the bladder walls \______ while the sphincter \______.

ascending, descending

The bladder communicates with the brain using the \______ nerve tract, while the brain communicates with the bladder using the \______ nerve tract.

tract, failure

The common ailments of the urinary system are urinary \______ infections, renal \______, kidney stones, and glomerulonephritis.

bacterial, kidneys

UTIs are \______ infections that can occur anywhere from the \______ to the urethra.

bladder, bladder

UTIs most commonly occur in the ______, and these are known as ______ infections.

urethra, wiping, penis

UTIs are caused by bacteria entering through the ______. Females can get this from improper ______, while men can get it from the tip of their ______ not being well cleaned.

infection, painful, frequent

Symptoms of UTIs vary depending on the source of the ______, however the most common ones are ______ urination, cloudy urine, and a ______ need to urinate.

antibiotics, 2

\______ usually treat UTIs and will clear them up in around \__ weeks.

8

\__ million Americans get a UTI every year.

urethra

Woman are more likely to get a urinary tract infection due to them having a shorter \______.

5

1/\__ women will have a UTI in their lifetime.

kidney

Renal failure is also known as \______ failure.

false

True or false; in renal failure, the kidneys functions are always completely stopped.

blood

Renal failure causes waste build up in the \______.

acute, bacterial, heart, overdose

\______ renal failure may be due to \______ infection, injury, shock, \______ failure, poisoning, or drug \______.

dialysis

Treatments for acute renal failure can be \______ or surgery. (hint: it begins with a "d")

chronic

\______ renal failure is when the kidneys slowly lose function over time.

false

True or false; chronic renal failure can be reversed.

false

True or false; chronic renal failure can require a kidney transplant, but that is pretty rare.

dialysis, wastes

A \______ machine does the job of the kidneys. It removes \______ when the kidney are dysfunctional.

7

You can live \__ days without working kidneys.

acute

\______ is sudden but reversible.

3

Swelling is typically a \__ day event.

diabetes, alcohol

Chronic renal failure can come from \______ or \______ abuse.

false

You only need one kidney for a kidney transplant. True or false; this kidney will shrink due to the pressure put on it.

pebble, calcium

Kidney stones are hard, ______-like obstructions in the urinary tract. They are buildups of salts and minerals, most commonly ______.

fluid, blockage, C, D

Kidney stones can be caused by recurrent UTIs, drinking too little ______, a ______ of the urinary tract, limited activity for several weeks or more, too much calcium oxalate or uric acids, too much vitamin __ or __, certain medications, and certain metabolic diseases.

own, surgery

Kidney stones usually pass through on their ______, but some require ______.

6

If a kidney stone is small, it can pass through on its own, but if it is bigger than \__ mm, other treatments will probably be needed.

lithotripsy

If a stone is still in a kidney, \______ (powerful sound waves) can vibrate it apart. This is so loud doctors and the patient require ear protection.

laser

If a kidney is stuck in a ureter, they will use a \______ blast with stint.

surgery, functional

If a stone is too massive, \______ will be needed. They will cut it out, but this can be risky because once a part of the kidney is sliced through, it will never be \______ again.

x-ray

You usually wont know where a kidney stone is until it either moves or shows up on an \______.

nephritis

Glomerulonephritis is also known as \______. (for the sake of me typing this, I will also be referring to it as this)

drugs, unknown

Nephritis can be caused by infection, certain ______, cancer, yet the most common reason is the cause simply being ______.

destroy

Treatment options for nephritis are medications, yet it can disappear on its own. Still, this being left untreated can slowly \______ your kidney.

foaming, color

Nephritis has all the stereotypical symptoms of an awful disease, but the ones that stick out are excessive \______ in the urine, the urine's \______ being changed, and puffiness of the eyes, hands, and feet.

glomerulus, nephron, swelling

Glomerulo=______; neph=______; and itis=______.

globe

The glomerulus is the \______ shaped part of the nephron that brings wastes and good stuff into the nephron.

Loop, Henle

The \______ of \______ puts good stuff back into the blood, and urine exits it into the pyramids.

swelling

Nephritis is the \______ of the glomerulus, messing up the process of the nephron.

true

True or false; although nephritis can usually be healed by itself, it is still capable of destroying the kidney if left unnoticed.

false

True or false; in a kidney transplant, the non-functional kidney is taken out of the body and replaced.

septic

When bacteria gets in your blood, you are \______.

renal artery, renal vein, ureter

What three things have to be cut for a kidney transplant?