Crustaceans

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65 Terms

1

arthropoda

what phylum are crustaceans in?

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2

80

insects and crustacea make up what percent of animal species

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3

their hard exoskeleton

what are crustaceans names for

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4

2 pairs of antennae

main distinguishing feature of crustaceans

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5

having 2 branches

what does biamous mean?

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6

marine

habitat of most crustaceans

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7

pair of mandibles and 2 pairs maxillae

in addition to antennae what is on the crustacean head?

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8

less

do derived crustaceans have more or less segments than ancestral forms?

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9

crustaceans

closest arthropod relative to insects

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10

genus Calanus

probably the most abundant animals in the world

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11

head, thorax, abdomen

typical major body tagmata

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12

cephalothorax

\n In most crustaceans, one or more thoracic segments are \n fused with the head. What is this segment called?

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13

16-20

how many body segments do current crustaceans have?

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14

carapace

dorsal cuticle found in many crustaceans that may \n cover most of body including thoracic and abdominal segments or just the cephalothorax in some species.

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15

chitin, protein, and calcareous material

what is the cuticle made of?

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16

flexibility

what do joints allow?

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17

telson

end of abdomen ends that bears anus

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18

tergum

Dorsal cuticular plates

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19

pleurites

lateral plates

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20

sternum

ventral plates

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21

dioecious

are most crustacea monoecious or dioecious?

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22

seminal receptacle

where is sperm introduced to females

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23

ventral side of abdomen

where do female crustaceans hold eggs

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24

Hemocoel

major space in arthropods that came from persistent blastocoel which is filled with blood

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25

basis and coxa

two parts of protopods

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26

biamous plan

what basic plan is seen in crayfish appendages?

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27

serial homology

condition where biamous appendages are homologous but may have been modified to have different functions

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28

muscular and nervous

what systems in the thorax and abdomen show segmentation

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29

antagonistic

Most muscles arranged as _________ groups (perform opposite functions) with flexors drawing limb toward the body and extensors straightening a limb out.

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30

open

what type of circulatory system?

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31

1

how many chambers in crustacean heart?

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32

arteries, no veins

do crustaceans have arteries or veins

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33

Hemolymph

name for crustacean blood

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34

pigments

why can hemolymph be different colors

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35

antennal glands

green glands in excretory system

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36

ganglia

Double ventral nerve cord has a pair of ______ for each segment to control appendages, muscles, and other parts

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37

ommatidia

photoreceptor units that make up compound eyes

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38

cornea

covers each eye

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39

facets

small squares and hexagons in cornea called that focus light.

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40

nauplius

Common larval form with uniramous first antennules. First larval form after the egg

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41

exocuticle and endocuticle

what two layers is the procuticle divided into?

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42

endocuticle

dissolved by enzymes during molting

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43

exocuticle and epicuticle

layers of cuticle shed by animal during ecdysis

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44

takes large gulp of water to crack shell at joint

how does an animal break cuticle in ecdysis?

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45

ecdysis

the shedding of the old cuticle

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46

molting

the physiological process of making a larger cuticle

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47

suspension feeding, predation, scavenging

feeding habits found in crustaceans

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48

2

how many parts to a crayfish stomach?

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49

order isopoda

one of the few truly terrestrial crustaceans that also have \n marine and freshwater forms

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50

do not have insect cuticle to conserve water

why must isopods live in moist environments?

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51

photophore

light-producing organ that gives krill bioluminescence

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52

they are external

what is unique about the gills of krill?

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53

order decapoda

Approximately 18,000 species which includes crayfishes, lobsters, crabs, and true shrimp

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54

broader, reduced

Crabs have a __________ cephalothorax and __________ abdomen as compared to crayfish or lobsters.

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55

eyes and statocysts

largest sense organs in crustceans

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56

distal retinal, proximal retinal, reflecting pigment

3 sets of eye pigment cells

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57

ommatidium

optical units made up of the three eye pigments that form the compound eye

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58

monoecious

Barnacles are _________ but generally cross-fertilize

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59

sacs on abdomen

where do most crustaceans brood eggs?

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60

epidermis

what secretes cuticle

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61

intermolt phases or instars

growth phase of molting where animals grow with soft tissue increasing in size until there is no space within the cuticle

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62

premolt phase

molting phase where body fills cuticle and epidermal cells enlarge prior to ecdysis

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63

vasa deferentia

located on the median side at the base of the fifth pair of walking legs in crayfish

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64

oviducts

located on the median side at the base of the third pair of walking legs in crayfish

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65

seminal recepticle

located at the midventral line between fourth and fifth pair of walking legs

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