Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions relevant to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, including Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

A multifactorial disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, often including Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.

Etiology

The study of causation or origin, in this context referring to the multifactorial causes of IBD.

Crohn's Disease

A type of IBD characterized by subacute and chronic inflammation that can occur anywhere in the GI tract, commonly affecting the distal ileum and ascending colon.

Ulcerative Colitis

A chronic inflammatory disease affecting the mucosal and submucosal layers of the colon and rectum, marked by periods of remission and exacerbation.

Fistula

An abnormal connection between two body parts, often occurring in Crohn's Disease where a passage forms between the intestine and skin or other organs.

Toxic Megacolon

A severe complication of ulcerative colitis characterized by colonic distention and an inability of the colon to contract.

Malabsorption

A condition in which the intestine cannot absorb nutrients effectively, leading to deficiencies, often seen in patients with Crohn's Disease.

Aminosalicylic Acid

First-line agents used in treating IBD, particularly effective for inducing and maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis.

Colonic Resection

Surgical removal of a segment of the colon usually performed in severe cases of IBD.

Stricture

A narrowing of a segment of the intestinal lumen, which may occur in Crohn's disease and often requires surgical intervention.

Anastomosis

The surgical connection between two segments of bowel following resection.

Blood Thinner

Medications used to reduce the risk of blood clots, often administered before surgery to prevent complications.

Electrolyte Imbalance

A disruption in the balance of electrolytes in the body, which can occur due to chronic diarrhea in IBD patients.

Biopsy

A procedure involving the removal of tissue for diagnostic examination, often used in diagnosing IBD.

Endoscopy

A medical procedure used to visualize the interior of the gastrointestinal tract; critical for IBD diagnosis.

Malnutrition

A state resulting from inadequate nutrient intake, frequently observed in patients with Crohn's Disease due to malabsorption.

Inflammation

A biological response to harmful stimuli, often seen in IBD affecting the GI tract.