APUSH 1.2

Migrants from Asia might have crossed a . . . That once connected . . . And . . .

1. Land bridge

2. Siberia

3. Alaska

By 1491, the population in the Americas was probably between . . . Million and . . . Million people.

1. 50

2. 100

The native population was concentrated in three highly developed civilizations:

1. Mayas

2. Aztecs

3. Incas

Between the years 300 and 800, the mayas built . . . In the rain forest of the . . . (Present-day Guatemala, Belize, and southern Mexico)

1. Remarkable cities

2. Yucatán peninsula

Several centuries after the decline of the mayas, the Aztecs from central Mexico developed a powerful . . . The Aztec capital, . . ., had a population of about . . ., equivalent in population to the largest cities of Europe.

1. Empire

2. Tenochtitlan

3. 200,000

White the Aztecs were dominating Mexico and Central America, the Incas based in . . . Developed a vast empire In western South America.

1. Peru

All three civilizations . . . (3 answers)

1. Developed highly organized societies

2. Carried on an extensive trade

3. Created calendars based on accurate scientific observations

All three civilizations cultivated crops that provided a stable food supply, particularly . . . for the Mayas and Aztecs and . . . for the Incas.

1. Corn (maize)

2. Potatoes

Native societies in this region included fewer people and had less complex social structures than those in Mexico and South America. Why?

The slow spread of the cultivation of corn (maize) prevented the societies from becoming denser. The nutrition provided by corn allowed for larger and more densely settled populations. In turn, this led to more socially diversified societies in which people specialized in their work.

By the time of Columbus, most people in the Americas lived in semipermanent settlements in groups seldom exceeding 300 people. In most of this groups, the men . . ., while the women . . . Or grew crops such as . . . (3 crops)

1. Hunted

2. Gathered

3. Corn (maize), beans, and tobacco

While English, Spanish, and almost all other European languages were part of just one language family. (What language family?), American Indian languages constituted more than . . . Language families.

1. Indo-European

2. 20

Among the largest of these 20 American Indian languages were . . . in the northeast, . . . in the Great Plains, and . . . in the southwest. Together these 20 families included more than 400 distinct languages.

1. Algonquian

2. Siouan

3. Athabaskan

In the dry region that now includes New Mexico and Arizona, groups such as the . . ., . . ., and . . . evolved multifaceted societies.

1. Hohokam

2. Anasazi

3. Pueblos

The spread of maize cultivation into the southwest regions from Mexico prompted . . . and the development of . . .

1. Economic growth

2. Irrigation systems

The additional wealth allowed for a more complex society to developed, one with greater variations between social and economic classes

By the time Europeans arrived, extreme . . . and other hostile . . . had taken their toll on these groups.

1. Drought

2. Natives

However, their descendants continue to live in the region, and the arid climate helped preserve some of the older stone and masonry dwellings.

Along the pacific coast from what is today Alaska to Northern California, people live in permanent longhouses or plank houses. They had a rich diet based on . . ., . . ., and . . . nuts, berries, and roots.

1. Hunting

2. Fishing

3. Gathering

To help people remember stories, legends, and myths, they cared large totem poles. However, the high mountain ranges in this region isolated tribes from one another, creating barriers to development.

Nomadic tribes in the great basin and Great Plains survived on . . ., principally the buffalo, which supplied their food as well as . . ., crafting tools, knives, and . . .

1. Hunting

2. Decorations

3. Clothing

Nomadic tribes lived in tepees. What are tepees?

Frames of poles covered in animal skins, which were easily disassembled and transported.

Some tribes, though they also hunted buffalo, lived permanently in earthen lodges often along rivers. They raised . . ., . . ., and . . . While actively trading with other tribes.

1. Corn (maize)

2. Beans

3. Squash

Not until the 17th century did American Indians acquire . . . By trading or stealing them from Spanish settlers.

Horses

With horses, tribes such as the Lakota Sioux more easily follow . . . herds.

Buffalo

The plains tribes would at times . . . or . . . Apart as conditions changed.

1. Merge

2. Split

was migration common for plains tribes?

YES 🙂 for example, the Apaches gradually migrated southward from Canada to Texas

East of the Mississippi River, the woodland American Indians prospered with a rich food supply. Supported . . ., . . ., and . . ., people established permanent settlements in the Mississippi and Ohio river valleys and elsewhere.

1. Hunting

2. Fishing

3. agriculture

The . . . - . . . Culture, centered in what so now Ohio is famous for its large earthen mounds, some 300 feet long

Adena-Hopewell

One of the largest Mississippi River valley settlements was . . . with as many as 30,000 inhabitants

Cahokia

Some descendants of the Adena-Hopewell culture spread from the Ohio valley into New York. They culture combined . . . And . . .

1. hunting

2. Farming

However, their farming techniques exhausted the soil quickly, so people had to move to fresh land frequently.

In northeast settlements, multiple families related through the . . . lineage lived together in . . . that were 300 feet long

1. mother’s

2. Longhouses

The Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk, and later the Tuscaroras formed a powerful political union called the . . . (2 words)

Iroquois confederation or Haudenosauanee

In the area from New Jersey south to Florida live the people of the coastal plains such as the . . . and the . . .

1. Cherokee

2. Lumbee

Many were descendants of the woodland mound builders and build timber and bark lodgings along rivers. The Atlantic Ocean provided a rich source of food.