APUSH unit 4

War of 1812

Fedralists dislike, threaten succession. Highlights weak infrastructure and lack of National Bank

The American System

By Henry Slayyyyy (federally funded improvements, protective tariffs, second bank of US). Presidents Madison and Monroe don’t approve

Missouri Compromise Of 1820

Talmadge Amendment—James proposes slavery banned after 25 years. South is angry.

Henry Clay Says that Missouri is a slave state, but Maine is free (invents Maine). Anything below 36-30 line is slavery, above is free

Treaty of Ghent

Ends war of 1812, but it’s too vague, and James Monroe has to send John Quincy Adams to settle it—Canada boundary is19th parallel, Oregon is shared

Andrew Jackson

James Monroe sends him to FL to stop the randos from invading the US from Spanish FL. Jackson kills a bunch of people. Leads to Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 (we buy Florida)

Monroe Doctrine

The Western Hemisphere is ours, Europe has no claim to influence

Market Revolution

Northern industries unite with Southern farms

Commercial Farming

Drives out subsistence farming. Cash crops

Transportation

transportation (The National Road, Erie Canal, steam boats, railroads) leads to capitalism

Technological Innovation

Eli Whitney’s interchangeable parts and cotton gin, spinning machine, factory system

Irish Potato Famine

Irish join the Germans to immigrate to US. Create cultural enclaves. Nativism,

Middle Class

Emerges! Like Temperence, but not Catholics. Leads to cult of domesticity

Lowell Factory

Is a douchebag to women working there. Work long hours, underpaid, controlling what they do in their free time

Panic of 1819

Second Bank of US lends less bc inflation, State Banks close, everyone’s in debt. Highlights need for franchise

Franchise

No property owners get the right to vote

Democratic Republicans

Fracture into national republicans (federal power, loose constructionism) vs democrats (Tommy J, limit federal power, strict constructionism)

Corrupt Bargain

Coined by Andrew Jackson. Election of 1824: Democratic Republicans have John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, William Crawford, Andrew Jackson. Jackson gets the most votes, still not a majority—Henry Clay gets Adams elected, Adams makes Clay Secretary of State

Democrats

Draw their beliefs from Democratic Republicans and Thomas Jefferson (limited federal power, free trade. Hate monopolies and tariffs)

Whigs

Led by Henry Clay, in the image of Alexander Hamilton. Like powerful central gov’t, protective tariffs, internal improvements. Against immigrant crime

Tariffs of Abominations (Tariff of 1828)

Raised duties on important under JQA Administration. Southerners and John C Calhoun hate it, he makes Doctrine of Nullification—SC and states can ignore federal overreach of power. Jackson passes Force Bill to use military to respond

2nd Bank of the United States

Henry Clay tries to recharter it 1832, Andrew Jackson veto

Indian Removal Act

Andrew Jackson moves Native Americans west of Mississippi. Cherokee challenge constitutionality in Worcester v Georgia, Supreme Ct agrees w/ Cherokee. Treaty of New Echota forces them out once again, sends them on Trail of Tears

2nd Great Awakening

Protestants get revived—personal restraint and morals lead to salvation. Camp Meetings—many preach throughout the day. From the Market Revolution—you can control your future. Charles Grandison Finney uses pathos to appeal to listeners

Contrast w/ Calvinists, believe all is predetermined

1840s—Mormons

Joseph Smith with the Book of Mormon, polygamy. Brigham Young brings them to Utah

Temperance

American Temperance Society,

Abolitionism

End slavery! 2nd Great Awakening says slavery is immoral

William Lloyd Garrison publishes the Liberator, established American Anti-Slavery Society. Frederick Douglass publishes narrative

Seneca Falls Convention

By Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott. Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions

Yeoman farmers

May support abolition, no slave ownership

White Supremacy

Used to justify slavery

Thomas Dewy

Like John C Calhoun, believes slavery good and justified

Romanticism

Challenges Enlightenment logic w/ human emotion. Greco-Roman Revival architecture, Washington Irving writes Rip Van Winkle and Sleepy Hollow, Noah Webster standardizes spelling, Hudson River School

Transcendentalism

Linked to romanticism. Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau writes Walden

Utopian Communities

Shakers don’t repopulate, Oneida make silverware and everyone is the same