Congress

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to the structure, powers, and functions of Congress.

Bicameral

Having two branches or chambers, as in a bicameral legislature which consists of two houses.

Reapportionment

The reallocation of House seats among states after a decennial census due to population changes.

Redistricting

The process of redrawing legislative districts after a reapportionment.

Gerrymandering

The practice by which the party in power draws legislative districts in ways that benefit its candidates.

Incumbent

A current officeholder, usually characterized by high reelection rates.

Enumerated Powers

Powers granted to Congress specifically listed in Article I, section 8 of the Constitution.

Implied Powers

Powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but inferred from the Necessary and Proper Clause.

Franking Privilege

The ability of members of Congress to send mail to constituents at the government's expense.

Cloture

A procedure for ending a filibuster in the Senate, requiring a vote of 60 senators.

Pocket Veto

An option where the President can let a bill die by not signing it within ten days after Congress adjourns.

Standing Committee

A permanent committee in the House or Senate that considers bills in a specific policy area.

Conference Committee

A temporary committee formed to resolve differences between House and Senate versions of a bill.

Majority Leader

The head of the majority party in either the House or the Senate, responsible for legislative agenda.

Minority Leader

The head of the minority party in either the House or the Senate, responsible for formulating party positions.

Senate President Pro Tempore

An honorary position in the Senate, usually held by the senior member of the majority party.

Constituent Services

Assistance provided by congressional staff to voters in the home state or district.