Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems

Chapter 14

artificial intelligence

A branch of comp sci that creates computer or machines as intelligent as humans

goal of AI systems

create intelligent systems that are capable of certain intelligent behavior

examples of companies using AI

tesla, amazon, airbnb

AI is applied in many industries, list an examples

healthcare, finance, retail, transport

how is AI used in healthcare

for diagnostics, drug development, and personalized treatments

turing test

A test of machines’ ability to exhibit human intelligence

Expert system (ES)

Computer systems that attempt to mimic human experts by applying expertise in a specific domain. (acquire, represent, infer and transfer expert knowledge)

data poisoning

an attack that tries to manipulate a machine learning system’s training data set to control the predictive behaviour of a trained model

In what situation would AI pass the Turing test

if the judge cannot reliably tell human from AI

uses of AI in retail

targeted marketing, demand forecasting, and customer service chatbots

uses of AI in transportation

autonomous vehicles, traffic optimization, and predictive maintenace

uses of AI in healthcare (not for)

diagnostics, drug development, and personalized treatments.

artificial neural system

A system that simulates the underlying concepts of the biological brain

neural network

A set of virtual neurons, placed in layers, which work in parallel in an attempt to simulate the way the human brain works, although in a greatly simplified form.

node

Software unit in a neural network that has one or more weighted connections, a transfer function that combines the inputs in some way, and an output connection.

Neural networks consist of

nodes, synapses, weights, biases, and functions.

layers of nodes

• input layer

• one or more hidden layers

• output layer

why is the hidden layer node called “hidden”

they are located between the input and output layers.

deep neural network contains multiple ___ layers.

hidden