APUSH UNIT 7- ROARING TWENTIES, GREAT DEPRESSION, AND WORLD WAR II

RTQ

What was the Red Scare?

A fear of communism

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Why did the Red Scare start?

Lenin was leading the Soviets using communism

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What are Hoovervilles?

a shantytown built by unemployed and destitute people during the Depression

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What did the do bonus army?

Veterans marched to Washington D. C. in order to receive their bonuses early—they were eventually forced out by tanks

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In 1936 what branch of the govt almost lost their independence?

The judicial branch

RTQ

Why did the Judicial Branch almost lose their independence?

Because FDR wanted to be able to remove judges over the age of 70

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What was the same about the presidents of the 1920's?

They were all republican

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What did the republicans want in the 1920's?

A lassiez Fair government

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What did the AAA do?

The govt paid farmers to destroy crops/animals in order to raise prices

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Who started the "share your wealth" movement?

Hughy Long

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When FDR took office what did he do first?

Bank Holiday

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What did the bank holiday do?

It closed the banks for 100 days so people could withdrawal more money

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Who didn't do well in the 1920's?

Farmers

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What ends the Depression?

WWII

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What was the witch hunt called to find communists?

Palmer raids

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What did Rosie the Riveter do?

Encouraged women to be strong and hold jobs

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What act would the KKK most support?

Quota Act

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FDR never did what with the banks?

Nationalize them

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Because of the Teapot Dome Scandal, Harding got this...

A bad reputation because he chose bad cabinet members

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Prohibition got the most support from people living in?

Rural ares

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What did Hoover and FDR originally agree on?

Balancing the budget

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During the 1920s this highlighted artistry and creativity of African Americans...

Harlem Renaissance

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In 1928 this renounced war...

Kellogg Brand Pact

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What officially gave workers the right to collectively bargain?

Wagner Act

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What was passed after the NRA and NIRA was found unconstitutional?

Wagner Act

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In what year did the US sign the Treaty of Versailles?

They never did

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Who was Wilson's main opposition to getting the Treaty of Versailles signed?

Lodge

RTQ

In what way was Teddy Roosevelt different from FDR?

FDR= Good Neighbor Policy

Teddy Roosevelt= Big Stick Policy

Why did FDR pass the Good Neighbor Policy?

The Depression

What did the automobiles do?

Changed communities, traveling, dating, life etc.

Who mostly supported the Volstead Act?

People in rural areas

**What did the Volstead Act do?

Tried to legislate morality during prohibition

What were some benefits of Prohibition?

-sober workforce

-decrease domestic abuse

Was the Prohibition successful?

No

What was the Valentine's Day Massacre?

7 Chicago gang members were shot and killed

What happened to public opinion on the Valentines Day Massacre?

It turned and people went after Al Capone

What is the 19th amendment?

Women's suffrage

When was the 19th amendment passed?

1920

What are flappers?

Women who defy conventional norms of the time- dresses at the knee, cigs, bob cuts

As advertising increased...

Credit debt increased

Why did credit debt increase in the 1920's?

Wants exceeded income

What was the Harlem Renaissance?

Rebirth of African American culture in New York

Who was John Scopes?

A bio teacher in Tennessee who taught evolution

What was decided in the Scopes Trial?

John Scopes was convicted and fined $100 for teaching evolution

**What was special about the National Origins Act (Quota Act)?

First time immigration was limited

What did the National Origins Act do?

Set quota on immigration and gave slots to "desirable" immigrants

Who did the National Origins Act not like?

Asians

Who was the KKK against?

African Americans, Jews, Catholics, Communists, Foreigners

The KKK was a reaction to what...

Industrialization

**Who directed "The Birth of a Nation"

D.W. Griffins

Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?

2 Italian Immigrants wrongly convicted of murder

What were some reasons farmers struggled?

-increased competition

-over production

-low prices

Who won the election of 1920?

Warren G. Harding

Why was the McCumber Tariff imposed?

Because of fear of European competition

What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?

Secretary of Interior took bribes from companies, gave oil land, and picked bad reps

Who won the election of 1924?

Calvin Coolidge

Who won the election of 1928?

Herbert Hoover

What started during Herbert Hoover's presidency?

Great Depression

Causes of the Great Depression...

-excessive use of credit

-weak farm economy

-overproduction of goods

-buying stocks with borrowed funds

-unequal distribution of income

-war debts

-government policy

-stock market crash of 1929

Faith in the American system=

Capitalism

What is rugged individualism?

idea that people should succeed through their own efforts

Who did Hoover believe help feed and clothe people?

Local government

What did the Federal Farm Board do?

Loaned money to farmers and bought surplus

What is an example of the accomplishments of the PWP?

Hoover Dam

**What did the Reconstruction Finance Corporation do?

Loaned money to banks

Who won the election of 1932?

FDR

What political party was FDR a part of?

Democrat

What was the worst year of the depression?

1932

What was the Dust Bowl?

A drought that devastated the Great Plains

What is escapism?

entertainment to help people forget about the problems

FDR wanted an increase in...

Federal Government

What were some of the effects of the Depression?

-increased poverty/homelessness

-end of flapper era

-depression themes in art

What were the goals of the New Deal?

1. Help people

2. Regulate businesses

3. Improve working conditions

Relief... (1)

Direct help now with money, jobs, & loans

Recovery... (2)

Restore economy and help farmers

Reform...(3)

Protect from future problems

Who were the Brain Trust?

Group of experts in economy, social planning, and law

What was the purpose of the Brain Trust?

Provided FDR with fresh ideas and solutions for depression

What were Fireside Chats?

radio addresses in which Roosevelt spoke directly to the American people

Kellogg-Briand Pact

in 1928 war was outlawed except in cases of self defense

Scopes Trial

this trial symbolized the debate over creationism vs. evolution. It began when a biology teacher was taken to court for teaching evolution in his classroom

Nativism

This term symbolized the attitude that "new" Asian and Eastern or Southern Europeans were less acceptable than "old" Western Protestants

Red Scare

The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia during the First World War sparked this concern that communism spreading to the United States during the 1920

Potsdam Conference

This conference was held in the last days of Nazi Germany. Stalin, Attlee, and Truman finalized their post war plans for the division and democratization of German. The Soviet invasion of Japan was discussed; meanwhile the US was preparing to drop atomic bombs on Japan.

Court Packing Controversy

What was the name of the controversy in 1937 in which FDR proposed adding extra judges to facilitate passing of the New Deal Legislature

Harlem Renaissance

Flourishing black culture, art, music, and writing characterized this movement. Famous names from this movement included Archibald Motley, Sora Neale Hurston, and Langston Hughes

Al Smith

The Democratic candidate who was catholic, against prohibition, and associated with Urban politics in 1928

Flappers

In the 1920s these women changed social norms by cutting their hair, smoking, drinking with men, and wearing short dresses

Cash and Carry

The US said it would only trade with nations who had money to buy goods (no credit/loans) and transported the goods themselves.

Sacco and Vanzetti

two Italian-born anarchists, unfairly tried and convicted for the armed robbery and murder

Washington Conference

In 1921, this conference led to the formation of the four power treaty, the five power treaty, and the nine power treaty. Representatives from the US,Japan, and other nations attended to focus on Pacific Secruity

Warren G. Harding

This man was elected in 1920 and argued for a "return to normalcy"

Calvin Coolidge

In the 1920s this president said, "the business of America is business"

Herbert Hoover

This man believed families should aid each other in addition to private charity organization and local government. He also believed in rugged individualism and voluntarism fo help the nation out of the Great Depression. However the federal government should not intervene.

Equal Rights Amendment

Proposed amendment to the US Constitution, designed to guarantee equal rights for women, originally written by Alice Paul.

KKK

This group had a resurgence in 1915, due in part to the release of "Birth of a Nation"

Reconocimiento Finance Corporation

Was one of the few programs created by Herbert Hoover to combat the depression

Social Security Act

Enacted on August 14, 1935, this established a system of old age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, and unemployment insurance

Wagner Act

A US labor law who h guarantees basic rights of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining for better terms and conditions at work, and take collective action including strike if necessary

Good Neighbor Policy

Foreign policy of FDR that included non-intervention in Latin America