Honors Euro History Mr. Winschel Unit 3 Rise of Nation-States and Absolutism

Four countries with the most power

Spain, France, Russia, England

Country that declined in this time period

Holy Roman Empire

Two countries within HRE

Austria, Prussia

Royal family of Spain

Hapsburgs

The royal family in France

Bourbons

Jean Domat's theory stated this person was the absolute leader

God

2 royal families of Russia

Ruriks, Romanovs

Great Grandparents of Phillip II

Ferdinand and Isabella

Isabella and Ferdinand's family

Hapsburg

Spain expanded to spread __ __, and acquire ___

Catholic faith, gold

Started with gold and silver

mercantilism

mercantilism creates a

favorable balance of trade

colonies exist for the good of the

mother country

The Spanish Armada failed in its attack against _______

England

The religion of Spain was ___

Catholic

Religion that Henry IV converted to

Catholicism

These almost destroyed France

religious wars

Henry IV passed the __ _ __ to make peace between Catholics and Huguenots

Edict of Nantes

Louis XIV revoked the ___ __ ___

Edict of Nantes

During Louis XIV's rule, __ __ had influence over him when he was younger, but died

Cardinal Mazarin

Louis XIII (Richelieu) weakened the power of ___ by taking away their right to have castles and authority

nobles

Louis XIV's purpose for supporting the arts was to __ __ __

glorify the king

Louis XIV was also known as the __ __

Sun King

__ ___ said, "The state, that is me."

Louis XIV

Cardinal Richelieu took the Protestant's side during the 30 Years' War to ___ ___

weaken Spain

ended the Thirty Years' War

Treaty of Westphalia

this person became czar after the Period of Troubles in Russia

Michael Romanov

longest lasting war

Reconquista

created Edict of Nantes

Henry IV

enslavement of serfs in Russia occurred under this person

Catherine the Great

inflation, population growth, wars, unfavorable balance of trade

reasons spain fell

2 driving principles of Spain were __ and ___

Catholicism, power

Spain colonized in the ___ and ___

Americas, Philippines

___ creates a favorable balance of trade / profitable trade

mercantilism

a favorable balance of trade is when ___ ___ ___

exports outweigh imports

Charles I was a __ of __

Hapsburg, Spain

After the War of Spanish Succession, the Netherlands became __ and __

Netherlands, Belgium

The Netherlands were ___

Lutheran

Belgium was ___

Catholic

The War of Spanish Succession occurred after the death of ___ _. He had no heir

Charles II

The War of Spanish Succession occurred because ___ and ___ almost united, disrupting the balance of power

France, Spain

(T/F) The War of Spanish Succession came before the 30 Years' War

false

Louis XIV published the ___ __ that put the church under the rule of the king

Gallican Articles

obstacles in the rise of absolutism for France were the __ __, ___-___, ____, and ___

Catholic Church, Estates-General, nobles, Huguenots

the Hapsburgs ruled over ___ and the ___ ___ ___

Spain, Holy Roman Empire,

The Thirty Years' War occurred due to tension between ___ and ___, and was mainly fought between ___ and the ___ ___ ___

Catholics, Protestants, Spain, Holy Roman Empire

The balance of power in Europe was a result of the ___ ___ ___ and the ___ of ___ ___

30 Year's War, War of Spanish Succession

The 30 Years' War created a balance of power by stopping the ___ in ___ and the __ __ ___

Hapsburgs, Spain, Holy Roman Empire

The War of Spanish Succession created a balance of power by stopping the unity of __ and ___

France, Spain

Cardinal Richelieu was cardinal under __ __, and Cardinal Richelieu really held the power

Louis XIII

countries colonized to gain___

wealth

Louis XIV took all power away from ___ and let them live at ___

nobles, Versailles

Louis XIV became more absolute by gaining the trust of his military. He appointed the __ to high positions and paid armies __

poor, directly

(T/F) Under Louis XIV, France became self-sufficient

true

Louis XIV placed a __ on imported goods

tariff

Louis XIV supported the arts in order for art to glorify ___ ___

the king

The Holy Roman Empire was weakened due to the __ __ __

30 Years' War

the official religion of Austria was ___

Catholic

the official religion of Prussia was __

Lutheran

The royal family of Prussia were ___and were aboslute

Hohenzollerns

(T/F) Prussia was known for its strong military

true

nobles in Prussia were called ___

junkers

___ and __ __ were key rulers in Prussia

Frederick, Frederick William

Ivan the Great and Ivan the Terrible were ___

Ruriks

Russia's "window to the west" was on the Baltic Sea in __ ____

St. Petersburg

the nobles in Russia were called ____

boyars

to make the Russian monarch strong, the power of the ___ was increased by enslaving their ____. This gained their support

nobles, serfs

Russia's monarch was also made stronger by increasing the power of ___ and __

church, economy

__ ___ __ liberated Russia from the Mongols

Ivan the Great

__ __ __ westernized Russia because they had been cut off from the Renaissance by the ___

Peter the Great, Mongols

Peter the Great also put the Russian Orthodox church under control of the ___ by abolishing the office of Patriarch (head of church)

state

Peter the Great reduced the power of ___, heavily ___, and created a strong ___

nobles, taxed, army

from 1550-1650, the strongest country was ___

Spain

around 1700, ___ was the strongest country in Europe

France

Philip II sent the ___ __ to battle England, but it was defeated

Spanish Armada

under Louis XIV, the taxes were for the __ only

poor

___ were the people Louis XIV put into power instead of nobles

intendants

The Peace of Augsburg established that the princes of the HRE would decide the religion of their states, which was also a cause of the __ __ ___

30 Years' War

there had to be a port in Russia near the Black Sea because the one on the Baltic was often ___

frozen

The Holy Inquisition (religious unity in Spain) was reached in Spain by expelling ___ and ___

Jews, Muslims

___ took away the Huguenot's right to have fortifications

Richelieu

the French Congress, Estates-General, did not meet for 175 years under ___ __

Louis XIV

France called upon ___ to invade the HRE during the Thirty Years War

Sweden

the Reconquista ended under ___ and ___

Ferdinand, Isabella

the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella brought together the lands of ___ and ___

Castile, Aragon

Philip II added the country of ___ to the Spanish Empire

Portugal

__ of the population was gone after the 30 Years' War

1/3

France bankrupted ___ by backing the Protestants

Spain

Charles I's son was __ __

Phillip II

Peter the Great ___ and ___ Russia

expanded, westernized

Ivan the Terrible ended the Rurik line by killing his __ and __

son, grandson