Nomenclature 6 (Alkanes)

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Methane

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37 Terms

1

Methane

CH₄

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2

Ethane

C₂H₆

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3

Propane

C₃H₈

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4

Butane

C₄H₁₀

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5

Pentane

C₅H₁₂

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6

Hexane

C₆H₁₄

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7

Heptane

C₇H₁₆

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8

Octane

C₈H₁₈

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9

Nonane

C₉H₂₀

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10

Decane

C₁₀H₂₂

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11

Methyl-

CH₃

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12

Ethyl-

C₂H₅

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13

Amino-

NH₂

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14

Fluoro-

F

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15

Chloro-

Cl

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16

Bromo-

Br

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17

Iodo

I

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18

Nitro-

NO₂

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19

Organic Chemistry

the chemistry of carbon containing compounds

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20

Hydrocarbon

an organic compound that contains hydrogen and carbon

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21

Alkane

a hydrocarbon contains only single bonds

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22

Straight Chained Alkane

a hydrocarbon with no branches

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23

Cycloalkane

alkane that contains a ring (closed shape)

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24

Saturated

contains max # of hydrogen and carbon (CnH₂n₊₂)

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25

Degree of Unsaturation

index of hydrogen deficiency

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26

1 degree of Unsaturation

CnH₂n

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27

2 degree of Unsaturation

CnH₂n₋₂

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28

3 degree of Unsaturation

CnH₂n₋4

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29

Naming Alkanes: find and name the longest...

carbon chain

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30

Naming Alkanes: # the chain consecutively starting at the end closest to the...

substituent group (branch)

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31

Naming Alkanes: Use #ed chain to label branches, in what order?

alphabetically (Example; 5, bromo, 3 ,iodopentane)

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32

Naming Alkanes: use prefixes to...

indicate number of substituent (Example; 3,5, dibromopentane)

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33

Naming Cycloalkanes: find cycloalkane (closed shape) and use that as...

root name

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34

Naming Cycloalkanes: in a cycloalkane with only one branch the location is...

unnecessary (Ex; bromocyclobutane)

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35

Naming Cycloalkanes: if two substituents are attached to the cycloalkane then they are listed in...

alphabetical order

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36

Naming Cycloalkanes: when numbering the cycloalkane, start with the substituents first in the alphabet and the more clockwise or counter-clockwise so that the next possible substituent...

is the lowest number

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37

Naming Cycloalkanes: list substituents in alphabetical order, using number system to name cycloalkanes

Ex. 1, 2 dichloro, 3, iodocyclopropane

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