Physiological Adaptations in Training

These flashcards cover key physiological adaptations associated with HIIT training, resistance training, and aerobic training.

Increased mitochondrial content

More mitochondria lead to greater energy production.

Enhanced capillary-to-fibre ratio

Improved oxygen delivery to working muscles.

Improved VO₂ max

Indicates higher aerobic capacity.

Greater left ventricular mass

A stronger heart that pumps more blood per beat.

Improved anaerobic capacity

Enhances performance during high-intensity activities.

Hypertrophy

Increase in muscle fibre size due to resistance training.

Increased muscular force output

Neural adaptations allow for greater force generation without size increase.

Increased tendon and ligament strength

Regular loading strengthens connective tissue to transmit force and reduce injury.

Neural adaptations

Includes improved motor unit recruitment and synchronization.

Muscle fibre type changes

Training can shift fibres towards type 2a and 2b for improved strength and power.

Increased stroke volume

A stronger heart pumps more blood per beat, enhancing oxygen delivery.

Increased mitochondrial density

Aerobic training increases number and size of mitochondria for better ATP production.

Increased capillarisation

More capillaries per muscle fibre improve oxygen diffusion and waste removal.

Lower resting heart rate

More efficient heart function requires fewer beats to maintain circulation.

Improved VO₂ max

Maximum oxygen consumption increases, enhancing aerobic performance.