Hist: T1-C3

War of annihilation:

war whose objective is to annihilate the adversary, to completely destroy enemy forces and populations 

Total war:

war that mobilizes all resources, all energies, all minds, and the entire population

Blitzkrieg:

“lightning war” = tactic based on speed and use of many tanks/aircrafts to break the front and overwhelm the enemy

Einsatzgruppen:

mobile killing squads → murdered 2 mi Jews and Nazi enemies 

Holocaust:

systematic state-sponsored persecution and murder of european jews by Nazi Germany and its allies/collaborators

• 2/3 total european jews = 6 million people

Collaboration:

Vichy gov policy of eco and police-based cooperation with Nazi occupation

Resistance:

groups of resistance fighters carrying out missions of intelligence, sabotage, or combat, while facing the dangers of secrecy and repression

Maquis:

groups of resistance fighters hiding in remote or hard-to-access areas to fight against the occupier

Exode:

1K+ civilians from all social classes fleeing in face of invasions to South

Operation Torch:

Allies’ North Africa campaign to secure Mediterranean and south of Europe

Milice Française:

paramilitary organization used by Vichy to fight resistance and help gestapo track Jews 

Endlösung:

deportation & extermination of Jews as quickly and efficiently as possible 

Island Hopping:

US navy and marines going to most strategic spots to root out Japanese and use island as strategic points for resources and take off

Jews introduced to concentration camps

1938

annexation of austria

march 1938, anschluss

munich agreement

sept 1938

ghetto creation

1939

invasion of poland

sept 1, 1939

atomic bomb race

1940-1945

start of french campaign

may 10, 1940

french surrender, CDG call for resistance

june 1940

armistice signed by pétain

june 22, 1940

vichy régime

july 1940

french antisemitic legislation

october 1940

operation torch

1941-1942

operation barbarossa, how many german

june 22, 1941, 3 million germans

babi yar massacre, how many

september 1941, 34K killed in 2 days

pearl harbor

dec 7, 1941

war production board

january 1942

rafle du vél d’hiv, how many

16-17 july 1942, 10K jewish

stalingrad, deaths

nov 1942 - feb 1943, 1.5 mi

wannsee conference

january 1942

execution order 9066

february 1942

compulsory labor service

1943

CNR

1943, conseil national de la résistance

korematsu VS us

1944

d-day

june 6 1944

paris liberation

august 1944

hiroshima

august 6 1945, 80 K deaths

nagasaki

august 9 1945, 100K deaths

japanese capitulation

september 2 1945

total deaths? repartissement?

60-80 million, 60% civilian, 40% soldiers

how many american soldiers

16 mi

eastern front: USSR & german deaths

• 20 mi for USSR

• 80% total casualties german

how many women in wartime factories

6 mi

victory gardens produce

10 million tons

how many $ to manhattan project

2 billion

1945, US industrial power ____% world

50

unemployment fell by how much

10 mi