Study Notes on Tissues and Skeletal/Nervous System

These flashcards cover key concepts from tissues, skeletal, and nervous systems, emphasizing definitions and functions.

Tissues

Groups of cells with a similar structure and function.

Muscle Tissue Types

Categorized into skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle, each differing in function and location.

Epithelial Tissue Function

It protects, absorbs, secretes, and senses, with structure influencing its specific function.

Connective Tissue Functions

Supports, binds, and protects other tissues, with structure impacting its function.

Cartilage Types

Includes hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage, each serving different purposes in the body.

Cartilage Growth

Occurs via appositional (growth from the outside) and interstitial (growth from within) methods.

Long Bone Structure

Includes epiphysis, diaphysis, metaphysis, periosteum, and endosteum.

Bone Cells

Osteoclasts resorb bone, osteoblasts form bone, and osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into other types.

Osteon Structure

Consists of central canal, concentric lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi, interstitial lamellae, and circumferential lamellae.

Types of Ossification

Appositional (increase in width) and interstitial (increase in length) ossification.

Fracture Types

Examples include Greenstick fractures, commonly occurring in children.

Epiphyseal Plate Zones

Includes zones of resting, proliferation, hypertrophy, and ossification, each with specific activities.

Nervous System Cells

Includes neurons and glial cells, both essential for nerve function.

Neuron Anatomy

Comprises dendrites, cell body, axon, and synaptic terminals.

Neuron Potentials

Different types include resting, graded, IPSP, EPSP, and action potentials influenced by ion movement.

Neuron Channels

Chemically gated and voltage-gated channels facilitate ion movement and potential changes.

Continuous vs Salatory Conduction

Continuous conduction occurs along unmyelinated fibers, while salutatory conduction jumps between nodes in myelinated fibers.

Membrane Potential Creation

Ion movement across membranes generates a membrane potential.

Refractory Periods

Time when a neuron cannot fire again, influenced by voltage-gated channels.