Thermochemistry

Thermochemistry

the study of energy and heat accompanying a chemical reaction and physical transformations or phase changes

exothermic

process that releases energy in the form of heat, one good example is burning or a campfire

endothermic

process that absorbs energy in the form of heat. great example is the melting of an ice

thermodynamics

branch of physical science that deals with the relationship between heat, work, and other forms of energy

spontaneous

time-evolution of a system in which it releases free energy and moves to a lower, more thermodynamically stable energy state

non spontaneous

endergonic reaction, is a chemical reactio0n in which the change in free energy is positive, thus energy is absorbed

Lavoisier-laplace law

a law which states that the energy change in accompanying any transformation is equal and opposite to energy change accompanying the reverse process

law of conservation of energy

energy is neither created nor destroyed, it is only changed from one form to another

first law of thermodynamics

the change in the internal energy of a closed system is equal to the difference between the heat given to the system and the amount of work done by the system or surroundings

entropy

is a thermodynamic quantity which means lack of order or certainty or the degree of disorder or randomness in the system

second law of thermodynamics

for a thermodynamically defined process to occur, the sum of the entropies of the participating bodies must increase.

Enthalphy

measure of energy in the thermodynamic system and includes the energy required to create a system and the amount of energy required to make room for it by displacing its environment and establishing its volume and pressure

A + B = C

endothermic equation

A + B = C+HEAT

EXOTHERMIC EQUATION

calorimetry

calor means heat and metry means to measure. It is the measurement of heat exchanged.

Hess’ law

states that regardless of a single or multiple steps of a reaction, the total enthalpy change for a given chemical reaction is the sum of all the changes

Gibbs’ Free Energy

is a thermodynamic quantity that relates enthalpy, entropy, and the absolute temperature