The Great Depression

Strickland

When did the stock market crash

1929

a good market, prices of shares are going up (FITB)

Bull Market

a bad market, prices of shares are going down (FITB)

Bear Market

pay small % of stock as down payment. Paid to brokers. This worked if prices continued to go up.(FITB)

Buying on Margin

October 29, 1929, the single most devastating financial day in the history of the New York Stock Exchange (FITB)

Black Tuesday

In 1929 about how many banks closed

659

By 1933 a little over 6,000 banks had failed, about what percent of the nations total

25%

Between 1929 and 1932, about how many businesses went bankrupt

85,000

The unemployment rate went from just over ___ in 1929 to over ___ in 1933

3% and 25%

What are Shantytowns

Towns on the fringes of cities. Comprised of shacks and mainly migrants who were working or looking for work.

Between 1929 and 1932, how many farms were foreclosed on

400,000

They had a self adjusting economy, also known as ____

laissez faire

Sales of goods and the construction of factories were ___, while stock values continued to ____

falling, Climbing

Whites were angry with who because of job competition

African Americans and Mexican Americans

Who were they killing in 1933

African Americans

What were the four societal consequences of the Stock Market Crash

• Malnutrition increased

• Schools shut down

• Suicide rates rose

• Psychology of saving/being poor/distrust

Where was the dust bowl through

Stretching from the North in North Dakota to the South in Texas

What was the cause of the dust bowl

 Land as exhausted because of overproduction/poor crop rotation/overgrazing. Land exempt of grass and trees to help hold the soil down

Who was the president during the second half of the great depression

Herbert Hoover

Who was Hoover considered as

Man of “the people“

What did Hoovers advisers suggest he do

they felt that he shouldn't do anything too hasty with regards to the economy. They felt it would fix itself 

Who did the people blame for all the problems

President Hoover

What was a name for Shantytowns

Hovervilles

What was a name for newspapers

Hoover Blankets

What was a name for empty pockets

Hoover Flags

Explain picture

This is a famous photograph called the migrant mother

Where was the Hoover Dam located

In Black Canyon on the Colorado River. About 30 miles southeast of Las Vegas

What famous city is close to the Hoover Dam

Las Vegas

What was the Bonus army

a group of retired veterens

Explain what happened with Hoover and the Bonus Army

Veterans wanted their money, camped outside of the House, Hoover called on the army to remove them 

During this, an 11-month-old baby died, 2 people were shot, and many were injured

What happened during the 1932 election

Roosevelt gets a landslide victory over Hoover

What was Roosevelt’s “New Deal for the American people”

a bunch of government jobs to give to the American public

What were “Fireside chats”

a radio program Roosevelt had to inform the public

What's the nickname given to Roosevelt's programs

the New Deal programs

What did Roosevelt do to the banks in order to help fix the depression

A Bank holiday. All banks shut down, preventing any more withdrawals

What does the “FDIC” stand for

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Is the FDIC still around today?

yes

What did the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) do, and why did it do this?

• Farmers were paid to not grow crops

• This was all done to lower supply and, in turn, raise prices

What did the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) do?

Men ages 18-25 built roads, parks, planted trees, etc…

What did the Public Works Admin (PWA) and Civil Works Admin (CWA) do?

Gave money to states to create jobs. Most of $ was used to construct community centers, parks, theaters, and schools

What did the term, “Boondoggles” mean

a waste of time

What was the purpose of these companies (AAA, CCC, CWA, and PWA)

get money circulating, get people feeling better about themselves 

What did Huey P. Long believe in?

“Share the Wealth” - wanted to take from the rich and give to the poor

What did Francis Townsend propose?

He proposed a pension plan: all Americans over 60 would get $200 per month 

What was the name of the priest who wanted to run for president but got shot the year before?

Father Charles Coughlin

What was the “Court Packing Scheme”

FDR wanted to pass the New Deal, but people thought he was overstepping his powers as president. Because of the judicial resignation, he was able to appoint 7 new justices (pro New Deal) over the next 4 years

What happened during the 1936 election

FDR beats Alf Landon

What is this picture called

The American Gothic

What was the Wagner Act

Under the act, the federal Gov. supported the right of workers to join unions and to engage in collective bargaining

What did the Wagner Act establish

Established maximum and minimum wages. For the first time, it set a minimum hourly wage (25 cents) and a 22-hour work week

What was the Social Security Act

• Old age insurance for people 65 or older

• Unemployment compensation to be administered at the state level

• Aid to families with dependent children and the disabled was made to the blind, cripples, the elderly, and mothers with dependent children

Who was the first female cabinet member (Sec of Labor).

Frances Perkins

What was Frances Perkins a major part in

A major factor in creating social security 

Why were movies so popular in the 1930s

Many people needed an escape from tough times they looked to the movies for this escape

What percent of the population attended a movie at least once a week 

65%