5.7 Blood Pressure & Flow

120/80

What is normal blood pressure?

systolic, diastolic

12/80 refers to what blood pressure of 120 mmHg and what blood pressure of 80 mmHg?

heart rate, blood volume, peripheral resistance

Name three factors that increase blood pressure.

aterial walls

Arterial blood pressure is much greater than venous blood pressure due to ventricular contractions and the recoiling of which walls?

pulmonary arteries

Systolic and diastolic blood pressures are greater in systemic arteries (approx. 120/80) than in which other set of arteries (approx. 30/15)?

heart

Blood pressure decreases in arteries proportionate to their distance from which organ?

venous blood

Blood pressure decreases rapidly within the capillaries and is near zero where which type of blood enters the heart?

capillaries

Which vessel types show the lowest blood velocity?

baroreceptors

What are the sensory receptors that monitor blood pressure?

heart

Baroreceptors detect a decrease in blood pressure in the walls of large vessels and the chambers of which organ?

ADH

A decrease in blood pressure initiates the increased secretion of which hormone from the pituitary?

water

Under the action of ADH, what do the kidneys restore to the blood?

sympathetic impulses

What signal is sent to the heart that results in an increase in heart rate when BP decreases?

peripheral resistance

The sympathetic response of smooth muscle in vessels reduces vessel diameter and thus increases what?

renin angiotensin system

A decrease in BP in the kidneys activates what specific system?

aldosterone

What hormone, produced in the renal mechanism, alters the electrolyte balance and stimulates increased reabsorption of water?