Class-11-FUNDAMENTALS-OF-PHYSICAL-GEOGRAPHYenglish (1)

Geography as a Discipline

Overview of Geography's role as an integrating discipline and its significance.

Importance of Geography

How Geography connects environment and human activity, showing varying resource dependence and adaptation.

Definition of Geography

Describes geography as the study of the Earth, covering both physical and cultural aspects.

Study Focus in Geography

Geography studies variations and relationships between different phenomena over space.

Interdisciplinary Nature of Geography

Connects various natural and social sciences, studying the relationships between physical and human processes.

Branches of Geography

Divided into Systematic Geography (study of phenomena worldwide) and Regional Geography (study in specific regions).

Classification of Geography

Encompasses Physical Geography (studies Earth's physical processes) and Human Geography (studies human impacts and cultures).

Geography as a Discipline

An overview of Geography's role as an integrating discipline and its significance.

Importance of Geography

Connection between environment and human activity; varying resource dependence and adaptation.

Definition of Geography

Describes geography as the study of the Earth, covering both physical and cultural aspects.

Interdisciplinary Nature of Geography

Connects various natural and social sciences, studying relationships between physical and human processes.

Branches of Geography

Systematic (study of phenomena worldwide) and Regional (study of phenomena in specific regions).

Classification of Geography

Discusses subfields such as Physical Geography and Human Geography.

Physical Geography

Examines Earth's physical processes and their impact on the environment.

Human Geography

Studies human activities and their relationship with the environment.

Mass Movements

The process by which soil and rock move downslope due to gravity.

Types of Mass Movements

Include landslides, mudflows, creep, and rockfalls.

Landslide

A rapid movement of a large mass of earth material down a slope.

Mudflow

A fluid or flowing mass of more than 50% water-saturated earth materials.

Creep

The slow and gradual movement of soil and rock downslope.

Rockfall

A sudden and fast descent of loose rocks down a cliff or slope.

Erosion

The process of wearing away and transporting soil and rock from one location to another.

Causes of Erosion

Wind, water, ice, and human activities can all cause erosion.

Effects of Erosion

Loss of soil fertility, changes in landscape, and sedimentation in waterways.

Prevention of Erosion

Techniques include planting vegetation, terracing, and using erosion control fabrics.